THEORETICAL STUDIES OF A DESIGN OF MANURE SPRAYING IMPLEMENT FOR LOCAL MANURE APPLICATION UNDER GOURDS

The paper outlines a rational method of introducing manure under gourds. The authors carried out theoretical studies with modeling the movement of a manure particle from a manure spreader to the soil surface taking into account the technological features of the application process and the physicomechanical properties of manure. Based on the study results it has been recommended to localize the introduced manure in three rows using a special extention to the manure spreader. The authors provide indicators for a more uniform manure application: rational combination of the installation angle and the length of dividers, as well as the location and installation angle of trays. The paper contains a relationship between the linear speed of the conveyor belt and technological characteristics. It has been established that the travel speed of manure mass along the body lags behind the speed of the manure spreader conveyor, therefore, when calculating the performance, a correction factor Ko = 0.5…0.6 should be introduced. Its lower value corresponds to the minimum feed, and the upper limit – to the maximum. To divide the manure stream into three equal parts, it is necessary to install the fasteners of the lower edge of dividers at a height of 0.64 m and maintain the belt conveyor speed within 0.25…0.44 m/s.

本文提出了一种在葫芦植株下方施用厩肥的合理方法。本文作者结合厩肥施用作业的工艺特性与厩肥的物理机械特性，开展了将厩肥颗粒从施肥机（manure spreader）输送至土壤表面的运动建模理论研究。基于研究结果，本文作者提出通过为施肥机加装专用加长装置，将施用的厩肥精准排布为三行的方案。本文作者还给出了实现厩肥均匀施用的关键参数指标：合理匹配分流挡板的安装角度与长度，以及导料盘的安装位置与角度。本文建立了输送带（conveyor belt）线速度与工艺参数之间的关联关系。研究证实，厩肥料沿机体的行进速度滞后于施肥机输送带的运行速度，因此在计算作业效率时，需引入修正系数Ko=0.5~0.6。该系数的下限对应最小喂料量，上限则对应最大喂料量。若要将厩肥料流均分为三股，需将分流挡板下边缘的固定件安装于0.64m高度处，并将输送带的运行速度控制在0.25~0.44m/s范围内。