Measurement Methods on Electrodes and Electrocatalysts for Water Electrolysis (Supporting Information)

Toward decarbonized society with sustainable growth, the use of renewable energy as a primary power source is highly demanded. Water electrolysis is promising to produce hydrogen from renewable energy for energy storage and transportation. In developments of new technologies related to alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) and proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), common measurement techniques are required to compare experimental results fairly among different institutes. In this paper, we introduce common measurement techniques, such as electrochemical half cell and full cell for AWE and PEMWE, evaluation techniques for catalytic activities and durability of catalysts under steady and non-steady operation, advanced synchrotron radiation analysis of catalysts, operando XAFS analysis, and optical observation of gas bubbles in detail, that are recently developed in the project research commissioned by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO).为实现可持续增长的脱碳社会，将可再生能源作为核心动力源的需求日益迫切。水电解技术可利用可再生能源制备氢气，用于能源存储与运输，具备极佳应用前景。在碱性水电解（alkaline water electrolysis, AWE）与质子交换膜水电解（proton exchange membrane water electrolysis, PEMWE）相关新技术的研发过程中，亟需统一的测量技术标准，以实现不同研究机构间实验结果的公平比对。本文详细介绍了由新能源与产业技术综合开发机构（New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, NEDO）委托开展的项目研究中近期开发的各类标准化测量技术，具体包括适用于AWE与PEMWE的电化学半电池及全电池测试技术、催化剂在稳态与非稳态运行条件下的催化活性与耐久性评估技术、先进的催化剂同步辐射分析技术、原位X射线吸收精细结构（operando XAFS）分析技术，以及气泡光学观测技术。