Physical attributes and yield of wheat seeds originated from plants under temporary flooding of the soil

ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to evaluate whether there is any influence of temporary soil flooding on the agronomic performance and yield of wheat varieties. The experimental design was completely random blocks, in an 11x2 factorial scheme (eleven varieties and two soil water conditions), with four replications. Stress was imposed in the stage prior to plant anthesis. The assessments were made in two seasons (2016/2017) in relation to the number of spikelets in the main ear, number of seeds in the main ear, mass of seeds in the main ear, number of seeds in the tiller ear, mass of seeds in the tiller ear and yield in the useful area. The physical attributes number of seeds, seed mass and wheat seed yield, according to variety and agricultural year, are negatively affected by the temporary flooding (12 days) of the soil. There is influence of temporary soil flooding on the agronomic performance and yield of wheat varieties. The varieties TBio Toruk, TBio Sinuelo, TBio Sintonia, and CD151 are superior in soil flooding condition for the number of spikelets, number of seeds end for the seed mass attribute. In the soil at field capacity, the seeds produced have higher yield compared to those produced under flooding period, reaching about 309.2 Kg more for the variety TBio Sinuelo, 262 Kg for TBio Toruk and 114 Kg in CD1303.摘要：本研究旨在探究土壤暂时性渍涝对小麦品种农艺性状表现与产量是否存在影响。本实验采用完全随机区组设计，设置11×2因子方案（11个小麦品种与2种土壤水分条件），共4次重复。渍涝胁迫施加于小麦扬花期前阶段。于2016/2017年两个生长季中开展测定，指标包括主穗小穗数、主穗实粒数、主穗粒重、分蘖穗实粒数、分蘖穗粒重以及有效区域产量。根据品种与种植年份划分，土壤暂时性渍涝（时长12天）会对实粒数、粒重以及小麦籽粒产量这类物理性状产生负面影响。综上证实，土壤暂时性渍涝对小麦品种的农艺性状表现与产量存在显著影响。在土壤渍涝条件下，TBio Toruk、TBio Sinuelo、TBio Sintonia以及CD151这四个品种在小穗数、实粒数与粒重性状上表现更优。在土壤处于田间持水量状态下，各品种所获籽粒产量均高于渍涝处理组；其中TBio Sinuelo品种增产约309.2千克，TBio Toruk增产262千克，CD1303增产114千克。