GHRSST Level 2P West Atlantic Regional Skin Sea Surface Temperature from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) Imager on the GOES-12 satellite (GDS version 1)

The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) operated by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) support weather forecasting, severe storm tracking, meteorology and oceanography research. Generally there are several GOES satellites in geosynchronous orbit at any one time viewing different earth locations including the GOES-12 launched 23 July 2001. The radiometer aboard the satellite, The GOES I-M Imager, is a five channel (one visible, four infrared) imaging radiometer designed to sense radiant and solar reflected energy from sampled areas of the earth. The multi-element spectral channels simultaneously sweep east-west and west-east along a north-to-south path by means of a two-axis mirror scan system retuning telemetry in 10-bit precision. For this Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) dataset, skin sea surface temperature (SST) measurements are calculated from the far IR channels of GOES-12 at full resolution on a half hourly basis. In native satellite projection, vertically adjacent pixels are averaged and read out at every pixel. L2P datasets including Single Sensor Error Statistics (SSES) are then derived following the GHRSST Data Processing Specification (GDS) version 1.5. The full disk image is subsetted into granules representing distinct northern and southern regions.

由美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）运营的地球静止业务环境卫星（GOES），可支持天气预报、强风暴追踪以及气象学与海洋学研究。当前通常同时有多颗GOES卫星运行于地球同步轨道，覆盖不同地球区域，其中包括2001年7月23日发射的GOES-12卫星。该卫星搭载的GOES I-M成像仪为五通道（1个可见光通道、4个红外通道）成像辐射计，用于探测地球采样区域的辐射能与太阳反射能。该多单元光谱通道借助双轴镜扫描系统沿南北路径同步完成东西向与西东向的扫描，并以10比特精度校准并回传遥测数据。针对本高分辨率海表温度工作组（GHRSST）数据集，研究人员基于GOES-12的远红外通道，以半小时为周期、全分辨率计算得到皮肤海表温度（SST）观测数据。在原始卫星投影坐标系下，垂直相邻的像素会被取平均后逐像素读出。随后依据《高分辨率海表温度工作组数据处理规范（GDS）》1.5版，生成包含单传感器误差统计（SSES）的L2P数据集。最终将整幅全圆盘影像裁剪为代表不同南北区域的数据分块。