Multidomain intervention for delaying aging in community-dwelling older adults (MIDA): study design and protocol

The exploration of interventions to delay aging is an emerging topic that promotes healthy aging. The multidomain intervention has the potential to be applied in the field of aging because it concentrates on the functional ability of older adults. There is currently no literature reporting on a multidomain intervention involving cognition, exercise and nutrition for delaying aging. The Multidomain Intervention for Delaying Aging in Community-dwelling Older Adults (MIDA) is a Zelen-design randomized controlled trial with a 6-month intervention duration. The multidomain intervention comprises cognitive training, exercise training, and nutritional guidance, delivered through both group sessions and individual family interventions. A total of 248 participants aged 60 to 85 years will be randomized to the intervention group or control group and followed up for 12 months. The primary outcome is the change in epigenetic age acceleration and pace of aging following the multidomain intervention. The secondary outcomes are the changes in frailty score and intrinsic capacity Z-score. Other outcomes include physical functions, body composition, aging biomarkers, inflammatory markers, haematology and biochemistry parameters, and lifestyle factors. This study will explore the effects of the multidomain intervention on delaying aging in community-dwelling older adults. We aim to introduce a new approach to delaying aging and offer a practical multidomain intervention strategy for healthcare institutions.探索延缓衰老的干预手段是推动健康老龄化的新兴研究热点。多领域干预（Multidomain intervention）聚焦老年群体的功能能力，有望在衰老研究领域得到应用。目前尚无针对认知、运动与营养相结合的延缓衰老多领域干预的相关研究报道。面向社区居住老年人的延缓衰老多领域干预研究（Multidomain Intervention for Delaying Aging in Community-dwelling Older Adults，MIDA）是一项采用泽伦设计（Zelen-design）的随机对照试验，干预周期为6个月。该多领域干预涵盖认知训练、运动训练与营养指导，通过集体授课与家庭个体化干预两种形式开展。本研究共纳入248名年龄在60至85岁之间的受试者，将其随机分配至干预组与对照组，并开展为期12个月的随访。主要结局指标为多领域干预后表观遗传年龄加速度与衰老速率的变化情况。次要结局指标包括衰弱评分与内在能力Z评分的变化。其他结局指标涵盖躯体功能、身体成分、衰老生物标志物、炎症标志物、血液学与生化指标以及生活方式相关因素。本研究旨在探究多领域干预对社区居住老年人延缓衰老的作用效果，以期为延缓衰老提供全新的干预思路，并为医疗机构提供切实可行的多领域干预方案。