Chukchi Sea Environmental Studies Program (CSESP) Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected by the Westward Wind, Northeast Chukchi Sea, 2011

The Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean is experiencing major reductions in seasonal sea ice extent and increases in sea surface temperatures. One of the key uncertainties in this region is how the marine ecosystem will respond to seasonal shifts in the timing of spring sea ice retreat and/or delays in fall sea ice formation. Variations in upper ocean water hydrography, planktonic production, pelagic-benthic coupling and sediment carbon cycling are all influenced by sea ice and temperature change. To more systematically track the broad biological response to sea ice retreat and associated environmental change, an international consortium of scientists have developed a coordinated Distributed Biological Observatory (DBO) that includes selected biological measurements at multiple trophic levels, along with satellite and mooring measurements. The DBO currently focuses on five regional biological hotspot locations along a latitudinal gradient that allows for consistent sampling and monitoring at five biologically productive locations across a latitudinal gradient: DBO 1 (SLIP)-south of St. Lawrence Island (SLI), DBO2 (Chirikov)-north of SLI, DBO3 (southern Chukchi Sea), DBO4-NE Chukchi Sea,and DBO5-Barrow Canyon.

This data has been collected and submitted as part of the Distributed Biological Observatory (DBO) program. Data were originally collected as part of the Chukshi Sea Environmental Studies Program (CSESP), headed by Tom Weingartner (tjweingartner @alaska.edu). Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data were taken aboard the Westward Wind. During this cruise, data were taken along the established repeat hydrography transect, DBO4. Throughout the duration of this cruise, the DBO4 section was sampled three times. There are 16 cnv data files in total, containing the following parameters: pressure, depth, temperature, conductivity, oxygen, fluorescence, practical salinity, density, and potential temperature.

北冰洋太平洋扇区正经历季节性海冰范围的大幅缩减与海表温度的显著上升。该区域的核心不确定性之一，是海洋生态系统将如何响应春季海冰消退时间的季节性偏移，或是秋季海冰形成的延迟。上层海洋水文特征、浮游生物生产力、浮游-底栖耦合过程以及沉积物碳循环的变化，均受海冰与温度变化的影响。为更系统地追踪海洋生物对海冰消退及相关环境变化的整体响应，一个由多国科学家组成的国际联盟开发了协调式分布式生物观测站（Distributed Biological Observatory，DBO），该观测站包含多营养级的选定生物测量项，同时配套卫星与锚泊测量。当前DBO沿纬度梯度设定了5个区域生物热点点位，可在横跨该纬度梯度的5个生物高产区开展标准化采样与监测：DBO 1（SLIP）——圣劳伦斯岛（St. Lawrence Island，SLI）以南海域；DBO 2（Chirikov）——圣劳伦斯岛以北海域；DBO 3（楚科奇海南部）；DBO 4——楚科奇海东北部；DBO 5——巴罗峡谷。

本数据集作为分布式生物观测站（DBO）项目的一部分被收集并提交。原始数据最初由Tom Weingartner（邮箱：[e-mail]）牵头的楚科奇海环境研究计划（Chukchi Sea Environmental Studies Program，CSESP）所采集。电导-温度-深度（Conductivity-Temperature-Depth，CTD）数据由"Westward Wind"号科考船采集。本次科考沿既定重复水文断面DBO4开展数据采集工作，期间对DBO4断面共进行了3次采样。数据集共包含16个cnv格式数据文件，涵盖以下参数：压力、深度、温度、电导率、溶解氧、荧光强度、实用盐度、密度与位温。