Continuous Gridded Time Series of Temperature and Salinity in the Seas around the Korean Peninsula using the DIVA Method (Version 1)

A high‑resolution gridded dataset of vertical temperature and salinity profiles for the seas surrounding the Korean Peninsula, with a spatial resolution of 1/12° × 1/12°, has been generated and made publicly available. Through the NIFS (National Institute of Fisheries Science) Serial Oceanographic Observations (NSO) program, hydrographic profiles have been collected using CTD instruments since 1994, resulting in a substantial improvement in measurement accuracy. To account for this change in data quality, we constructed two separate datasets: an Early period from 1964 to 1993 and a Late period from 1994 to 2023. Dataset construction involved several major steps, including basic quality control, depth interpolation, time interpolation, and spatial interpolation of the NSO data. For horizontal interpolation, we used the variational analysis tool DIVAnd. The resulting 1/12° × 1/12° gridded dataset provides a detailed representation of long‑term hydrographic variability at 10‑day mean temporal resolution within the region bounded by 31.25°N–38.45°N and 123.75°E–132.45°E for the 1964–1993 and 1994–2023 periods.