Development of hollow fiber membranes with alumina and waste of quartzite

The development of ceramic membranes with different geometries and compositions extends the possibilities of industrial applications, inducing advantages in terms of increased permeability, membrane area by volume module and chemical, thermal and mechanical resistance. The use of low-cost raw materials is a trend that has grown in scientific research. The aim of this work is to prepare membranes with hollow fiber geometry from alumina and residue of quartzite, by the technique of immersion precipitation in distilled water from a mixture of ceramic mass with a solution of polyethersulfone and, synthesized in temperatures of 1100 ºC to 1500 °C. The hollow fiber membranes were characterized by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, particle size distribution, scanning electron microscopy, apparent porosity, flexural strength and permeated water flow by the membranes. The results indicated that the sintering temperature has direct influence on the formation of the mullite phase, and the properties of apparent porosity and permeate flow. The higher the sintering temperature (1400-1500 ° C) increase the formation of the mullite phase, the lower the porosity, as well as the lower the permeate water flow in the membranes. However, there was increase in flexural strength in the hollow fiber membranes with high temperature.开发具备不同几何结构与组分的陶瓷膜，可拓展其工业应用场景，并在提升渗透性、单位体积膜组件的膜面积以及耐化学性、耐热性与机械稳定性方面展现优势。采用低成本原料已成为科研领域的重要发展趋势。 本研究旨在以氧化铝与石英岩尾矿为原料，通过将陶瓷浆料与聚醚砜（polyethersulfone）溶液混合后浸入蒸馏水进行浸入沉淀成膜，并在1100℃至1500℃的温度下烧结制备中空纤维构型陶瓷膜。 本研究通过化学分析、X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction）、粒径分布测试、扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscopy）、显气孔率测试、抗弯强度测试以及膜透水通量测试，对所制备的中空纤维膜进行了表征。结果表明，烧结温度对莫来石相（mullite phase）的生成以及显气孔率与透水通量性能均具有直接影响：烧结温度越高（1400℃~1500℃），莫来石相的生成量越多，膜的显气孔率与透水通量则越低；但高温烧结制备的中空纤维膜的抗弯强度会有所提升。