Replication Data for: Disclosing Invisible Attributes Leads to Discrimination

Despite extensive research on discrimination, little is known about how disclosing invisible attributes, such as religion, socio-economic class, and sexual orientation, affects others' discriminatory attitudes. This study examines the case of Zainichi Koreans in Japan, descendants of Korean migrants who remained in Japan after World War II under special permanent residency status. Zainichi Koreans face a dilemma: whether to disclose their ethnic identity by using a Korean name (honmyo) or attempt to conceal it with a Japanese pseudonym (tsumei). Using two conjoint experiments with hypothetical job applicants, we find strong discriminatory attitudes against Zainichi Koreans based solely on their names. However, these biases are significantly reduced among individuals with frequent social contact with Zainichi Koreans. Our findings underscore the need to further move beyond visible attributes in research on discrimination and social contact. More broadly, this study provides a framework for examining bias against invisible identities in diverse global contexts.

尽管学界已对歧视问题开展了大量研究，但对于披露宗教、社会经济阶层、性取向这类隐性身份属性，会如何影响他人的歧视性态度，仍缺乏足够的研究认知。本研究以日本的在日朝鲜人（Zainichi Koreans）为研究对象——他们是二战后以特殊永久居留身份留在日本的朝鲜移民后裔。在日朝鲜人面临两难处境：要么使用朝鲜本名（honmyo）披露自身族裔身份，要么采用日本假名（tsumei）以隐藏身份。本研究通过两项面向虚拟求职者的联合实验（conjoint experiments）发现，仅通过姓名即可观测到针对在日朝鲜人的强烈歧视性态度。然而，这类偏见在经常与在日朝鲜人进行社会接触的个体中会显著降低。本研究结果凸显出，歧视与社会接触相关研究亟需突破仅聚焦可见身份属性的局限。从更宏观的视角来看，本研究为全球多元场景下针对隐性身份的偏见研究提供了一套分析框架。