Week 4 Distance-Based data set

BIOL2050 Lab 03. This experiment was conducted in the Danby Woodlot and Danby Grasslands at York University on 29th September 2015 between 2:40-5:00 pm with team members: Bryson Chandrarajan, Stanley Igiebor and Sharan Saravanabavan. The Danby Woodlot and Grasslands are both located between human interrupted areas (roads, building and industry). The temperature was 18°C, dark cloudy skies with a cold breeze and lots of precipitation. Due to the canopy coverage the rain in the Woodlot was a lot heavier than the rain in the Grasslands. In the Grassland the ground was muddy and moist and the grass and plant species were covered in rain water. In the Woodland, due to the lack of grass and plant species the ground was very muddy. 5 random areas were chosen in both the Woodlot and the Grasslands. Transects measuring 20 meters using a measuring tape were placed in random areas. Bird species were observed for the next 5 minutes, either 5 meters to the left or right of the 20 meter line transect and these observations were recorded. The bird species were identified with regard to physical appearance. During the 5 minutes, the wind speeds were recorded using the Beaufort scale. The values for wind speed were first recorded under Beaufort number and then changed to miles per hour. The reason for collecting this data was to estimate the bird population and identify the different bird species in the Danby Woodlot and the Danby Grasslands. Transect line method was used because transect line covers a large area, it is great for mobile organisms and it is a quick method to estimate population of a species in an area.

BIOL2050课程实验03。本实验于2015年9月29日14:40至17:00，在约克大学（York University）的丹比林地（Danby Woodlot）与丹比草原（Danby Grasslands）开展，参与团队成员包括Bryson Chandrarajan、Stanley Igiebor及Sharan Saravanabavan。丹比林地与草原均地处受人类活动干扰的区域（含道路、建筑与工业设施）之间。当日气温为18℃，天空阴沉多云，伴有寒风与大量降水；受林冠层遮蔽影响，林地内降雨量显著高于草原区域。草原区域地表泥泞潮湿，草本与植物物种表面均附着雨水；而林地内因草本与植物物种匮乏，地表泥泞程度更高。研究人员在林地与草原中各选取5个随机区域，使用卷尺布设长度为20米的样带（transect）。随后在每条20米样带左右两侧各5米的范围内，开展为期5分钟的鸟类物种观测并记录相关数据，鸟类物种通过其外部形态特征进行识别。观测期间的5分钟内，使用蒲福风力等级（Beaufort scale）记录风速，风速数值首先以蒲福风级编号记录，随后转换为英里每小时单位。本数据集的采集目的为估算丹比林地与草原的鸟类种群数量，并识别区域内的不同鸟类物种。本次研究采用样带法，因其可覆盖较大区域，适用于移动性生物，且能快速估算某区域内某物种的种群数量。