Air Quality System (AQS)

The EPA's Air Quality System (AQS) is a comprehensive network of monitoring stations that collects and distributes data on various air pollutants. The monitoring stations provide hourly measurements of pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and particulate matter (PM) (Lamsal et al., 2008). The data are considered the gold standard for measuring air pollutants (Considine et al., 2023). The EPA's efforts to improve air quality are guided by the Clean Air Act, which requires the agency to evaluate the costs and benefits of new rules and regulations to reduce pollution (McGuffey, 2016).

美国环境保护署（Environmental Protection Agency, EPA）旗下的空气质量系统（Air Quality System, AQS）是一套覆盖全面的监测站网络，用于收集并发布各类空气污染物相关数据。该监测网络可对二氧化氮（NO₂）、臭氧（O₃）以及颗粒物（PM）等污染物开展逐小时监测（Lamsal等，2008）。该数据集被公认为空气污染物监测领域的金标准（Considine等，2023）。美国环境保护署改善空气质量的工作遵循《清洁空气法案》的指引，该法案要求该机构对旨在减少污染的各类新法规的成本与收益进行评估（McGuffey，2016）。