Cross-population analyses between cashmere, angora and non-fibre-producing goats identified signatures of divergent selection

Angora and Cashmere goats differ in hair follicle biology and fibre traits. To explore the genetic basis of these differences, Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) of Cashmere, Angora, and non-fibre goats were used to identify divergent selection signatures and allele frequency differences. Cross-population analyses found 5,252 variants differentially selected between Cashmere and non-fibre goats, 2,414 between Angora and non-fibre, and 326 between Cashmere and Angora. Three fibre-related genes, COL14A1, FGF5, and CUX1, showed divergence across all comparisons. Fisher’s exact test on coding variants with high or moderate predicted phenotypic impact identified 735 significant variants in skin-expressed genes showing differing allele frequencies between Cashmere and non-fibre goats, with fewer such variants found between the other groups. These variants likely influence fibre differences among populations. Though their exact effects are unclear, this study advances understanding of fibre goat genetics.

Divergent selection analysis of Cashmere, Angora, and non-fibre-producing goats identified variants potentially linked to fibre production.
The genes COL14A1, FGF5, and CUX1 exhibited divergent selection across all three goat groups, highlighting their roles in fibre biology.
Findings enhance understanding of genetic selection for fibre traits, influencing goat breeding strategies and the fibre industry.

Divergent selection analysis of Cashmere, Angora, and non-fibre-producing goats identified variants potentially linked to fibre production.
The genes COL14A1, FGF5, and CUX1 exhibited divergent selection across all three goat groups, highlighting their roles in fibre biology.
Findings enhance understanding of genetic selection for fibre traits, influencing goat breeding strategies and the fibre industry.