Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2023APRS_15

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 112 previously unknown pulsars among which 18 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least one year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. Apart from this, finding the nature of a unique binary pulsar system via a dedicated observing campaign is also another goal. The follow-up timing in semester 2023APRS will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals.

本申请旨在为HTRU-S巡天低银纬银道面区段（HTRU-S LowLat）与帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey，PMPS）再处理工作中发现的新脉冲星申请计时观测时长。目前我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%的观测任务，并基于GPU加速的相干加速搜索、模板库与快速折叠算法流程，完成了PMPS巡天的零加速度搜寻工作，共计发现112颗此前未被报道的脉冲星，其中18颗来自PMPS巡天。
新脉冲星的科学价值通常需经观测确认后方可挖掘，而后续计时观测正是完成该确认的核心环节。为完整表征每一颗新发现脉冲星的物理特性，至少需要一年的初始计时观测时长——这一要求是推导脉冲星特征年龄、磁场强度、自转减速率等关键参数，以及探测由辐射不稳定性引发的脉冲星异常行为的必要前提。
本项目将针对多类极具科学价值的脉冲星开展计时观测，包括双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure，DM）脉冲星、轮廓展宽脉冲星，以及在UWL波段具备大带宽辐射特性的亮脉冲星。除此之外，通过针对性观测研究某颗特殊双星脉冲星系统的物理本质，亦是本项目的另一科学目标。2023APRS学期的后续计时观测工作，将助力我们达成多项具有深远意义的长期科学目标。