Estuaries

The Estuaries datasets contain the water boundary of each estuary in NSW up to its tidal limits and includes areas vegetated with the macrophytes seagrass, mangrove, and saltmarsh. A survey of the tidal limits was carried out between 1996 and 2005 by Manly Hydraulics Laboratory on behalf of the former Department of Natural Resources. Coordinates of the tidal limits were mapped, tributary waterway areas extended up to the surveyed tidal limits, and a boundary digitised between the upper (fluvial) catchment draining directly to the river system above the tidal limits and the lower (estuarine) catchment draining directly to the estuary and its tributaries. The catchment area draining into each estuary has been defined as two GIS spatial layers - EstuaryDrainageCatchmentBdy (line feature) and EstuaryDrainageCatchment (polygon feature) - based on the digitising of catchments for the NSW Stressed Rivers Assessments conducted for the water sharing plan process. ;\r\n;\r\nA nine stage method was used to create the Estuaries(Macrophytes) dataset and details how existing spatial data were combined from a number of agencies and projects and developed through consultation with the existing knowledge base of individuals and reports. Two datasets with polygon features were created, one including the extent of the three different macrophyte types, the other merging macrophyte extent with the estuary water surface (this dataset). These layers were required for calculating basic physical characteristics of each estuary such as area, depth, volume, dilution and flushing; modelling of catchment runoff; development of a new chlorophyll response-based classification system for NSW estuaries and normalising pressures for valid comparisons between estuaries. Separate fluvial and estuary catchments were required for future investigation of causal relationships between catchment pressures above or below the tidal limits and estuary health.

新南威尔士州（New South Wales, NSW）河口数据集包含该州所有河口至潮汐上限的水域边界，涵盖分布有大型水生植物（macrophytes）海草、红树林与盐沼的区域。1996年至2005年间，曼利水力实验室（Manly Hydraulics Laboratory）受原自然资源部委托开展了潮汐上限勘测工作。已完成潮汐上限坐标的测绘，支流河道范围延伸至已勘测的潮汐上限处，并在两类集水区间完成边界数字化：一类是潮汐上限以上直接汇入河流水系的上游河流型集水区（fluvial catchment），另一类是直接汇入河口及其支流的下游河口型集水区（estuarine catchment）。汇入各河口的集水区被定义为两类地理信息系统（Geographic Information System, GIS）空间图层——河口排水集水边界图层（EstuaryDrainageCatchmentBdy，线要素）与河口排水集水区图层（EstuaryDrainageCatchment，面要素），其制作基于为水分配计划流程开展的新南威尔士州受胁迫河流评估中的集水区数字化工作。

本次河口（大型水生植物）数据集采用九阶段法制作完成，其流程详述了如何整合来自多家机构与多个项目的现有空间数据，并通过结合个人专业知识库与相关报告的既有研究成果完成开发。本次共制作了两类面要素数据集：其一涵盖三类大型水生植物的分布范围，其二则将大型水生植物分布范围与河口水面范围进行合并（即本数据集）。这些空间图层可用于计算各河口的基础物理特征，包括面积、水深、容积、稀释能力与水交换能力；还可用于集水区径流模拟、开发针对新南威尔士州河口的基于叶绿素响应的新型分类系统，以及对压力指标进行标准化处理以实现不同河口间的有效对比。需单独划分河流型与河口型集水区，以支持后续研究潮汐上限上下的集水区压力与河口健康之间的因果关系。