BES Reference Meteorological Station Data BES ID 391-

The data are from the Baltimore Ecosystem Study (BES) reference meteorological station. As part of the LTER program, BES includes research on hydrology, vegetation, social factors affecting urban environment, climatology, air quality, and wildlife. The reference station was installed at the McDonogh School in Owings Mills, MD, within the 30-km-long Gwynns Falls Watershed in April 2000. The Gwynns Falls Watershed is the focus of the majority of BES research. The variables measured at the reference station include all those in LTER Climate Committee Standards for Level 3 Meteorology: air temperature and humidity, precipitation, wind speed and direction, total solar radiation, incoming photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), reflected PAR, atmospheric pressure, soil temperature at two depths, and volumetric soil moisture. Net all-wave radiation and soil heat flux are also measured. The reference station is in a relatively open location in a pasture field. For most variables, both hourly averages and maximum and minimum values were measured. Only average values are included in this data set. Maximum and minimum values are available from the author on special request.

本数据集的数据来源于巴尔的摩生态系统研究（Baltimore Ecosystem Study, BES）基准气象站。作为长期生态研究（Long-Term Ecological Research, LTER）计划的组成部分，BES的研究范畴涵盖水文、植被、影响城市环境的社会因子、气候学、空气质量以及野生动物等多个学术领域。该基准气象站于2000年4月布设于马里兰州欧文斯米尔斯的麦克多诺学校（McDonogh School），地处总长约30公里的格温斯福尔斯流域（Gwynns Falls Watershed）范围内，而该流域正是BES绝大多数研究工作的核心聚焦区域。该基准气象站的观测变量完全覆盖LTER气候委员会三级气象标准（LTER Climate Committee Standards for Level 3 Meteorology）规定的全部项目，具体包括：气温与相对湿度、降水量、风速与风向、总太阳辐射、入射光合有效辐射（Photosynthetically Active Radiation, PAR）、反射光合有效辐射、大气压强、两个深度层级的土壤温度以及体积土壤含水量；此外，该站还同步观测净全波辐射与土壤热通量。该基准气象站位于牧场地块中一处相对开阔的区域。针对多数观测变量，该站同步采集逐时平均值与极值（最大值、最小值），但本数据集仅收录平均值数据。极值数据可通过特殊申请向本文作者获取。