Atmospheric Mercury Data from the Italian Reti Speciali National Monitoring Network (2020–2023)

This dataset presents a comprehensive four-year (2020–2023) record of atmospheric mercury (Hg) measurements in Italy, collected within the recently established Italian National Atmospheric Monitoring Network (Reti Speciali). Designed to fulfill the long-term environmental monitoring requirements of national and international agreements, this publicly accessible resource provides high-quality data for characterizing mercury dynamics across the Italian peninsula. As a resource for both the scientific community and policymakers, this dataset supports the validation of atmospheric transport and deposition models, facilitates regional assessments of mercury cycles and provides a baseline for evaluating the effectiveness of emission reduction policies under the Minamata Convention. The dataset includes high-resolution time-series measurements from three strategically positioned monitoring stations: Schivenoglia (SVG) in the province of Mantua (managed by ARPA Lombardia), Monte Sant’Angelo (MSA) in the province of Foggia (managed by ARPA Puglia), and Montelibretti (MLI) in the province of Rome (managed by CNR-IIA). Atmospheric Hg measurements include: Continuous monitoring of TGM/GEM: automated recordings of Total Gaseous Mercury (TGM) or Gaseous Elemental Mercury (GEM) at all network stations (SVG, MLI, and MSA). Specialized Speciation at MLI: automated measurements of Gaseous Oxidized Mercury (GOM) and Particulate-bound Mercury (PBM), collected exclusively at the Montelibretti (MLI) master station. All timestamps in the provided datasets are standardized in UTC (YYYY-mm-dd HH:mm). The datasets are organised as follow: Validated TGM/GEM Files (3 CSV files): SVG_TGM_Meteo.csv MSA_GEM_Meteo.csv MLI_GEM_Meteo.csv These include TGM/GEM concentrations (ng/m3) at 1 hour of resolution alongside integrated meteorological data: Air Temperature (°C), Wind Speed (m/s), Wind Direction (°), Relative Humidity (%), and Rainfall (mm). Validated Speciation Data (1 CSV file): MLI_HgSpeciation.csv This dataset provides integrated GEM(ng/m3), PBM (pg/m3), and GOM (pg/m3), measured at a 3-hourly resolution. Raw Data Archive (.zip folder): rawdata.zip To ensure transparency and full reproducibility, the repository includes a zip archive containing the original, instrument-generated, raw text files (Tekran 2537X/1130/1135 and Lumex RA-915AM). The archive is categorized into sub-directories for each station (SVG, MSA, and MLI) to facilitate navigation.本数据集完整收录了2020至2023年四年间意大利境内的大气汞（Hg）监测数据，采集自新近建成的意大利国家大气监测网络（Reti Speciali）。 本数据集旨在满足国家及国际环境协定的长期监测需求，作为公开可获取的科研资源，可为刻画意大利半岛全域的汞动态特征提供高质量数据。本数据集面向科研共同体与政策制定者，可用于验证大气传输与沉降模型、支撑汞循环的区域评估工作，同时可为评估《水俣公约》框架下汞减排政策的实施效果提供基准参照。 数据集包含来自三个战略布局监测站点的高分辨率时序监测数据：分别为伦巴第大区环境保护局（ARPA Lombardia）管护的曼托瓦省斯基韦诺利亚站（Schivenoglia，SVG）、普利亚大区环境保护局（ARPA Puglia）管护的福贾省蒙特圣安杰洛站（Monte Sant’Angelo，MSA），以及意大利国家研究委员会大气污染研究所（CNR-IIA）管护的罗马省蒙特利布雷蒂站（Montelibretti，MLI）。 大气汞监测项目涵盖以下两类： 1. 全站点总气态汞（Total Gaseous Mercury, TGM）/气态元素汞（Gaseous Elemental Mercury, GEM）连续监测：在全部三个站点（SVG、MLI、MSA）自动记录总气态汞或气态元素汞的浓度数据。 2. 蒙特利布雷蒂站专属汞形态专项监测：仅在蒙特利布雷蒂（MLI）主站自动采集气态氧化汞（Gaseous Oxidized Mercury, GOM）与颗粒结合态汞（Particulate-bound Mercury, PBM）的监测数据。 所有数据集的时间戳均采用协调世界时（UTC）标准化格式，记为YYYY-mm-dd HH:mm。数据集的组织形式如下： 一、 经过验证的TGM/GEM数据文件（共3个CSV文件） SVG_TGM_Meteo.csv、MSA_GEM_Meteo.csv、MLI_GEM_Meteo.csv 上述文件包含1小时分辨率的TGM/GEM浓度（单位：ng/m³），以及集成的气象参数：气温（℃）、风速（m/s）、风向（°）、相对湿度（%）与降雨量（mm）。 二、 经过验证的汞形态专项数据文件（共1个CSV文件） MLI_HgSpeciation.csv 本数据集提供3小时分辨率的GEM（ng/m³）、PBM（pg/m³）与GOM（pg/m³）集成监测数据。 三、 原始数据归档（.zip压缩包） rawdata.zip 为保障数据透明度与可完全复现性，本数据集仓库包含一个压缩归档文件，内含仪器生成的原始文本文件（对应Tekran 2537X/1130/1135与Lumex RA-915AM型号监测仪器）。该归档按各站点（SVG、MSA、MLI）划分子目录，便于用户检索与导航。