Demographic data of participants.

AimRickets remains a significant health issue, particularly in developing countries. This study evaluated the management preferences of orthopedic surgeons in Turkey regarding rickets and analyzed these approaches from a pediatric endocrinology perspective.MethodsAn online survey was developed based on a comprehensive literature review and previous similar studies. The survey link was distributed via email to members of the Turkish Orthopedic and Traumatology Association and the Pediatric Orthopedics Association. The questionnaire included 14 multiple-choice items addressing sociodemographic characteristics and the general approach to the diagnosis and treatment of rickets. Prior to dissemination, the survey was reviewed by 13 board-certified orthopedic surgeons from various institutions to ensure clarity and content validity.ResultsOf the 257 respondents, 198 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Orthopedic surgeons with more than 10 years of experience (n = 111,56.1%) were significantly less likely to refer rickets patients to a pediatric endocrinologist (p = 0.009) and more likely to recommend oral or intramuscular 25-OH-vitamin D3 ampoule treatment rather than oral drops or capsules (p p = 0.011). The presence of a pediatric endocrinologist within the same institution (n = 96,48.5%) was also associated with increased referral rates without preliminary testing or treatment (p = 0.003/p = 0.002, respectively). Physicians who encountered at least one rickets patient per week (n = 78,39.4%) demonstrated better knowledge of normal serum 25-OH-vitamin D3 levels (p = 0.042) and were significantly less likely to refer patients to a pediatric endocrinologist (p ConclusionManagement approaches to rickets among orthopedic and traumatology specialists in Turkey vary significantly depending on clinical experience, practice setting, and access to a pediatric endocrinologist. To prevent both undertreatment and unnecessary referrals, newly diagnosed rickets patients in orthopedic clinics should be appropriately evaluated and referred when necessary. Establishing a standardized diagnostic and referral algorithm based on international guidelines and incorporating it into orthopedic training programs is strongly recommended.【研究背景】佝偻病（Rickets）仍是一项重大公共卫生问题，在发展中国家尤为突出。本研究旨在评估土耳其骨科医师针对佝偻病的诊疗偏好，并从儿童内分泌学视角对这些诊疗方案进行分析。 【研究方法】本研究通过全面的文献回顾及既往同类研究，开发了一项线上调查问卷。通过电子邮件将问卷链接发放给土耳其骨科与创伤学会（Turkish Orthopedic and Traumatology Association）及儿童骨科学会的会员。问卷共包含14道选择题，内容涵盖社会人口学特征，以及佝偻病的通用诊疗方案。正式发放前，邀请来自多家机构的13名认证骨科医师对问卷进行评审，以确保内容清晰性与内容效度。 【研究结果】在257名受访者中，共198人符合纳入标准，被纳入最终分析。临床经验超过10年的骨科医师（n=111，占比56.1%）将佝偻病患者转诊至儿童内分泌科医师的比例显著更低（p=0.009），且更倾向于推荐口服或肌内注射25-羟维生素D3（25-OH-vitamin D3）针剂治疗，而非口服滴剂或胶囊（p=0.011）。所在医疗机构内设有儿童内分泌科医师的受访者（n=96，占比48.5%），在未进行初步检测或治疗的情况下转诊患者的比例更高（分别对应p=0.003与p=0.002）。每周至少接诊1例佝偻病患者的医师（n=78，占比39.4%）对血清正常25-羟维生素D3水平的认知更为准确（p=0.042），且将患者转诊至儿童内分泌科医师的比例显著更低（原文此处存在输入疏漏，未完整收尾）。 【研究结论】土耳其骨科与创伤专科医师针对佝偻病的诊疗方案，因临床经验、执业环境及是否可接触儿童内分泌科医师而存在显著差异。为避免治疗不足与不必要的转诊，骨科门诊中新确诊的佝偻病患者应接受恰当评估，并在必要时进行转诊。强烈建议基于国际指南建立标准化的佝偻病诊疗与转诊流程，并将其纳入骨科医师培训体系。