Genomics assisted ancestry deconvolution in grape

The genus Vitis (the grapevine) is a group of highly diverse, diploid woody perennial vines consisting of approximately 60 species from across the northern hemisphere. It is the world’s most valuable horticultural crop with ~8 million hectares planted, most of which is processed into wine. To gain insights into the use of wild Vitis species during the past century of interspecific grape breeding and to provide a foundation for marker-assisted breeding programmes, we present a principal components analysis (PCA) based ancestry estimation method to calculate admixture proportions of hybrid grapes in the United States Department of Agriculture grape germplasm collection using genome-wide polymorphism data. We find that grape breeders have backcrossed to both the domesticated V. vinifera and wild Vitis species and that reasonably accurate genome-wide ancestry estimation can be performed on interspecific Vitis hybrids using a panel of fewer than 50 ancestry informative markers (AIMs). We com...

葡萄属（Vitis）是一类多样性极高的二倍体木本多年生藤本植物，涵盖分布于北半球的约60个物种。它是全球最具经济价值的园艺作物，种植面积约800万公顷，其中绝大多数被加工为葡萄酒。为解析近一个世纪以来种间葡萄育种中野生葡萄属物种的应用情况，并为标记辅助育种项目提供理论基础，我们提出了一种基于主成分分析（PCA）的祖先推断方法，可利用全基因组多态性数据对美国农业部（United States Department of Agriculture, USDA）葡萄种质资源库中的杂交葡萄进行混合比例测算。研究发现，葡萄育种者既对驯化的欧洲葡萄（V. vinifera）也对野生葡萄属物种进行了回交，且仅需使用不足50个祖先信息标记（AIMs）组成的标记面板，即可对种间葡萄杂交种实现精度较为可靠的全基因组祖先推断。We com...