Cutthroat trout and Dolly Varden char inventory in Prince William Sound, Alaska: 1997

Research on anadromous Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma) and cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) in Prince William Sound has been hampered by the lack of basic information on their distribution. Earlier studies stated that there are only a few streams in Prince William Sound with these species, but after consultation with local residents, it appeared these fish were more widespread than previously believed. Given these uncertainties, we consulted local residents, government agencies, Native groups, and other knowledgeable individuals to determine where these species could be found. Streams and lake systems were surveyed by field crews to determine the presence or absence of these species. We found 29 lakes and streams which had undocumented populations of these and other anadromous fish species. The number of undocumented populations by species were as follows: 23 Dolly Varden, 21 cutthroat trout, 14 coho salmon (O. kisutch), two sockeye salmon (O. nerka), and one chum salmon (O. keta). Six resident Dolly Varden and six resident cutthroat trout populations were also identified. The results of this study are being used to update the Alaska Department of Fish and Game Catalog of Waters Important for Spawning, Rearing, or Migration of Anadromous Fishes, (Anadromous Waters Catalog) and assist the research being conducted under EVOS project 96145.

Publications: Schelske, M., K. Hodges, and D. E. Schmid. 1998. Prince William Sound cutthroat trout, Dolly Varden Char inventory, Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Restoration Project Final Report (Restoration Project 97302), USDA Forest Service, Cordova, Alaska.

针对威廉王子湾（Prince William Sound）内溯河洄游型花羔红点鲑（Dolly Varden char, Salvelinus malma）与割喉鳟（cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki）的相关研究，长期因缺乏其分布基础数据而进展受阻。此前有研究称，威廉王子湾内仅少数溪流中分布有该两类鱼类；但经与当地居民调研核实后发现，这些鱼类的实际分布范围比此前认知中更为广泛。鉴于这些分布信息的不确定性，本研究通过走访当地居民、政府机构、原住民群体及其他知情人士，以明确该两类鱼类的潜在分布区域。研究团队对溪流与湖泊水系开展野外调查，以确认上述鱼类的存在与否。本次调查共发现29个此前未被记录的、分布有该两类鱼类及其他溯河洄游鱼类的湖泊与溪流。按物种划分的未记录种群数量如下：花羔红点鲑（Dolly Varden char）23处、割喉鳟（cutthroat trout）21处、银大麻哈鱼（coho salmon, O. kisutch）14处、红大麻哈鱼（sockeye salmon, O. nerka）2处以及狗鲑（chum salmon, O. keta）1处。此外，本次调查还确认了6处陆封型花羔红点鲑种群与6处陆封型割喉鳟种群。本研究成果目前正用于更新《阿拉斯加鱼类与野生动物部溯河洄游鱼类产卵、育幼及迁移重要水域名录》（Anadromous Waters Catalog），并将为埃克森·瓦尔迪兹溢油修复项目（EVOS）96145号课题的相关研究提供支持。

参考文献：Schelske M、Hodges K与Schmid D E，1998年。《威廉王子湾割喉鳟与花羔红点鲑资源调查》，埃克森·瓦尔迪兹溢油修复项目最终报告（修复项目97302），美国农业部林务局（USDA Forest Service），阿拉斯加州科尔多瓦。