Network parameters for various types of combinatorial control within cells.

*Vaqueriza et al. [51] estimate 1,700–1,800 human transcription factors.•Other estimates for the number of human genes are in the range 20,000–25,000.†Friedman et al. [40] estimate 58% of genes are targeted by miRNA (11,890 = .58*20,500).‡Cohen et al. [52] estimate 30% of human proteins are phosphoryated (6,150 = .30*20,500).The ratio of controllers per target drawn from the literature is similar across different types of biological network in humans, approximately 8%. Node properties differ between the literature and network databases owing to incomplete information in the databases. Link density is the ratio of the number of actual links to the number of possible links. Shared targets per controller and pairwise overlap are measurements of overlapping target sets described in the Text S1, section S1.3. SD = standard deviation, CV = coefficient of variation.*Vaqueriza 等人[51]估算人类转录因子（transcription factors）的数量为1700~1800个。•另有研究估算人类基因总数介于20000~25000的区间内。†Friedman 等人[40]提出，58%的人类基因存在microRNA（miRNA）调控靶点（以20500个基因为基准计算，对应11890个靶点）。‡Cohen 等人[52]估算，30%的人类蛋白质发生磷酸化修饰（以20500个基因为基准计算，对应6150个靶点）。现有文献报道的人类不同类型生物网络的调控因子-靶点比例大致相近，约为8%。由于数据库存在信息不完备的问题，文献记载的节点属性与网络数据库中的节点属性存在差异。连接密度（link density）指实际存在的连接数与潜在可能连接数的比值。每个调控因子的共享靶点数以及两两重叠靶点数为Text S1中S1.3节所描述的重叠靶点集相关度量指标。标准差（standard deviation, SD）与变异系数（coefficient of variation, CV）。