ANN architecture and configuration.

With the increasing demand for wind energy in the electric power generation industry, optimizing robust and efficient control strategies is essential for a wind energy conversion system (WECS). In this regard, this study proposes a novel hybrid control strategy for wind power systems directly coupled to a permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The contribution of this work is to propose a control strategy design based on a combination of the nonlinear Backstepping approach for system stabilization according to Lyapunov theory and the application of artificial neural network to maximize energy harvesting regardless of wind speed fluctuations. The hybrid control strategy, which is highly efficient in reducing current/torque ripples, as well as the THD ratio of PMSG currents, was applied to achieve good system performance. The overall system is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control technique under varying wind conditions. Analysis of the simulation results for the proposed control versus field-oriented control (FOC) shows that the proposed control strategy exhibits less ripples in the electromagnetic torque, with the ripple ratio decreasing significantly from 32.95% to 19.43%. In addition, the THDs of the stator current decreased from 20.87% to 14.88%, proving the reliability and efficiency of the proposed control strategy compared to FOC. Meanwhile, these results are valuable for the application of the proposed control strategy in a real WECS system.随着电力发电行业对风能需求的持续攀升，优化鲁棒且高效的控制策略对于风能转换系统（Wind Energy Conversion System，WECS）而言至关重要。有鉴于此，本研究针对直接耦合至永磁同步发电机（Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Generator，PMSG）的风电系统，提出了一种新型混合控制策略。本研究的核心贡献在于，提出了一种融合两类方法的控制策略设计：一是基于李雅普诺夫理论（Lyapunov Theory）的非线性反步（Backstepping）方法以实现系统镇定，二是引入人工神经网络以在风速波动条件下最大化能量捕获量。该混合控制策略可有效降低电流与转矩脉动以及永磁同步发电机电流的总谐波失真（Total Harmonic Distortion，THD）率，能够实现优异的系统性能。本研究在MATLAB/Simulink平台中搭建完整系统模型，以验证所提控制策略在变风速工况下的有效性。将所提控制策略与磁场定向控制（Field-Oriented Control，FOC）的仿真结果进行对比分析后可知，所提控制策略的电磁转矩脉动更小，脉动占比从32.95%显著降至19.43%。此外，定子电流的总谐波失真率从20.87%降至14.88%，证实了相较于磁场定向控制，所提控制策略具备更高的可靠性与能效。与此同时，上述研究结果对于所提控制策略在实际风能转换系统中的落地应用具有重要参考价值。