MouseLight Neuron AA1578

A vast neural tracing effort by a team of Janelia scientists has upped the number of fully-traced neurons in the mouse brain by a factor of 10. Researchers can now download and browse the data in three dimensions. Inside the mouse brain, individual neurons zigzag across hemispheres, embroider branching patterns and, researchers have now discovered, can even spool out spindly fibers up to 45 centimeters long. Scientists can see and explore these wandering neural traces in 3-D in the most detailed map of mouse brain wiring yet created. The map reconstructs the shape and position of more than 300 of the 70 million neurons in the mouse brain. Previous efforts to trace the path of individual neurons had topped out in the dozens. The selectively-labeled neurons were mapped in an iterative process with two-photon microscopy. The brain is sliced in 200-micron sections and a few dozen neurons are labeled at a time and imaged. Each brain imaged yields about 50 terabytes of data, each containing mapped neurons which can be browsed via the NeuronBrowser application at https://ml-neuronbrowser.janelia.org/. Researchers interested in the complete raw data set should contact Janelia to discuss obtaining it via hardware transfer.贾努利亚（Janelia）科研团队开展的大规模神经示踪研究，将小鼠大脑中已完整示踪的神经元数量提升了10倍。研究人员现已可三维形式下载并浏览该数据集。在小鼠大脑中，单个神经元会在左右脑半球间蜿蜒穿行，编织出繁复的分支网络；研究团队此番更发现，这些神经元甚至可延伸出长达45厘米的纤细纤维。科研人员可通过本次构建的迄今最精细的小鼠大脑连接图谱，以三维形式观察与探索这些游走的神经示踪轨迹。该图谱重构了小鼠大脑7000万个神经元中超过300个的形态与位置；此前的单个神经元示踪研究最多仅能完成数十个神经元的示踪。研究采用双光子显微镜（two-photon microscopy）迭代成像流程，对选择性标记的神经元进行绘图：将大脑切割为200微米厚的脑片，每次对数十个神经元进行标记并成像。每成像一个小鼠大脑可产生约50太字节（TB）的数据，其中包含已绘图的神经元，科研人员可通过https://ml-neuronbrowser.janelia.org/的神经元浏览器（NeuronBrowser）应用进行浏览。若有研究人员需要完整的原始数据集，请联系贾努利亚研究所协商通过硬件传输方式获取。