Crambe meal in supplements for culling cows: animal performance and carcass characteristics

The influence of the replacement of soybean meal by crambe crushed in concentrated supplement at proportions 0, 5, 10, 15%, on the performance and carcass traits of grazing cows is assessed. Within a completely randomized design, twenty Nellore cows, fed on Brachiaria humidicola, were supplemented during the rain-drought transition period and monitored with regard to weight and body conditions every 28 days. Total forage mass and percentages of leaf, stem and senescent material were quantified in loco. The estimation of forage quality consumed by animals was performed by the simulated grazing method. There were no significant differences between the levels of inclusion of crambe crushed on animal performance or carcass characteristics. Replacement did not affect weight, carcass yield, Brazilian commercial cuts, morphometric measures of carcass, characteristics of loins, thickness of carcass fat, perirenal-pelvic fat and total meat. Replacement of soybean meal by crambe crushed up to 15% in the concentrated supplement does not affect performance and carcass characteristics of cows finished on pasture.本研究评估了以0%、5%、10%、15%的比例用压榨荠蓝粕（crambe crushed）替代浓缩补充饲料中的豆粕（soybean meal），对放牧奶牛生产性能与胴体性状的影响。试验采用完全随机设计，选取20头内洛尔牛（Nellore），使其采食湿生臂形草（Brachiaria humidicola），并在雨旱过渡季开展浓缩饲料补充饲喂，每28天监测一次其体重与体况。研究人员现场量化了总牧草生物量以及叶片、茎秆与枯落物的占比，并采用模拟放牧法对动物采食的牧草品质进行评估。结果表明，压榨荠蓝粕的添加水平对动物生产性能或胴体性状均无显著影响。该替代方式未对体重、胴体产率、巴西市售分割肉块、胴体形态学指标、腰肉性状、胴体脂肪厚度、肾周及盆腔周脂肪与总肉量产生影响。综上，在浓缩补充饲料中以最高15%的比例用压榨荠蓝粕替代豆粕，不会对放牧育肥奶牛的生产性能与胴体性状造成影响。