CARDIORESPIRATORY AND NEUROMUSCULAR FITNESS OF FEDERAL HIGHWAY POLICE OFFICERS

ABSTRACT Introduction: Higher levels of physical fitness are associated with better quality of life and indicators of health and performance in police forces. Objective: This study aims to describe and evaluate the level of cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular fitness of a national sample of federal highway patrol officers. Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from 6212 agents of the Federal Highway Police. Endpoints were as follows: abdominal resistance (AR); upper limb muscular resistance (ULMR); upper limb muscle strength (ULMS) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CF). The following independent variables were included: sex; age; geographic region of posting and participation in the Institutional Physical Education Program (IPEP). The linear regression model was used to test the association between endpoints and independent variables. Results: The highest proportion of police officers obtained an excellent score for neuromuscular endpoints (AR: 63.9% men, 69.6% women, ULMR: 68.8% men, 61.8% women, ULMS: 22.2% men, 40% women). In CF, the highest percentage of scores was average and good (respectively, 30.6% and 43.0% for men, 39.1% and 39.2% for women). Male officers were fitter than female officers, except for the ULMS endpoint. There was a decrease in fitness levels for all endpoints according to age. Police officers from the northern region were fitter than in the other regions. Police officers who were not registered in the IPEP were fitter than those registered. Conclusion: Federal Highway Patrol officers have good levels of fitness, which declines with age. Level of Evidence III; Study of nonconsecutive patients; without consistently applied "gold" reference standard.摘要 引言：更高水平的身体素质与警务人员更优的生活质量、健康状况及工作表现指标相关联。 目的：本研究旨在描述并评估全国联邦公路巡警样本的心肺耐力与神经肌肉机能水平。 方法：本研究为横断面研究，数据取自6212名联邦公路警察警员。观测指标包括：腹肌耐力（abdominal resistance, AR）、上肢肌肉耐力（upper limb muscular resistance, ULMR）、上肢肌肉力量（upper limb muscle strength, ULMS）与心肺耐力（cardiorespiratory fitness, CF）。纳入的自变量包括：性别、年龄、任职地理区域，以及是否参与机构体育教育计划（Institutional Physical Education Program, IPEP）。采用线性回归模型检验各观测指标与自变量间的关联。 结果：多数警员的神经肌肉机能观测指标获得优秀评分：腹肌耐力（男性63.9%、女性69.6%）、上肢肌肉耐力（男性68.8%、女性61.8%）、上肢肌肉力量（男性22.2%、女性40%）。心肺耐力维度中，评分处于中等与良好等级的占比最高：男性分别为30.6%与43.0%，女性分别为39.1%与39.2%。男性警员的身体素质水平优于女性警员，但上肢肌肉力量指标除外。所有观测指标的机能水平均随年龄增长而降低。北部地区警员的身体素质优于其他地区警员。未注册参与机构体育教育计划的警员，其身体素质水平优于已注册参与者。 结论：联邦公路巡警的身体素质水平良好，且随年龄增长而下降。证据等级：Ⅲ级；非连续性患者研究；未采用统一应用的“金标准”参考基准。