Wind Settings in the Conduits of the Locust Swarms during a Amphan Cyclone

The desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria Forsk. (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is a peculiar insect that exhibits density-dependent phase polyphenism. Gregarious phase enables desert locust to form a huge group and embark on mass migrations during which significant crop loss and deterioration in food security issues may occur. Currently, the most recent upsurge of desert locust is speeding across Eastern Africa and Southwestern Asia. Usually desert locusts are restricted to regions like semi-arid and arid regions. External factors related to the landscape conditions, wind settings, availability of vegetation, and air temperatures trigger the swarm migration for long distance travels. A super cyclonic storm, namely Amphan originated during May 2020, in the Bay of Bengal of North Indian Ocean basin has influenced numerous swarms to migrate from the Thar desert region to various parts of India. Satellite data were used to investigate the reasons for this sudden swarm migration. The results revealed the wind jets passing above the Thar desert region have integrated with the cyclogenesis of Amphan which led to the formation of conduits with favourable ecological conditions that acted as an external trigger for successful migration. These data sets represents the wind setting in both the conduits. The data contains Mean wind speed and direction in both the conduits during the living and decay phase of the Amphan Cyclone.

沙漠蝗（Schistocerca gregaria Forsk.，直翅目（Orthoptera）、蝗科（Acrididae））是一类具有密度依赖型相型多态现象的特殊昆虫。群居相型可使沙漠蝗形成庞大种群并开展大规模迁飞，在此过程中可能造成严重作物损失并加剧粮食安全问题。当前最新一轮沙漠蝗灾正在东非与西南亚地区快速扩散。通常情况下，沙漠蝗仅局限分布于半干旱与干旱区域。与景观条件、风场环境、植被可获得性以及气温相关的外部因素，会触发蝗群进行长距离迁飞。2020年5月起源于北印度洋海域孟加拉湾的超强气旋风暴“安攀”（Amphan），促使大量蝗群从塔尔沙漠地区迁往印度多个区域。研究人员借助卫星数据探究了此次蝗群突发迁飞的成因，结果显示，掠过塔尔沙漠上空的高空急流与“安攀”的气旋生成过程相互作用，形成了具备适宜生态条件的迁飞通道，成为助力蝗群成功完成迁飞的外部触发因素。本数据集记录了上述两类迁飞通道内的风场环境数据，涵盖气旋“安攀”活跃期与衰减期内，两类通道的平均风速与风向信息。