Longitudinal effects of early psychosocial deprivation on macaque executive function: Evidence from computational modelling

Executive function (EF) describes a group of cognitive processes underlying the organization and control of goal-directed behaviour. Environmental experience appears to play a crucial role in EF development, with early psychosocial deprivation often linked to EF impairment. However, many questions remain concerning the developmental trajectories of EF after exposure to deprivation, especially concerning specific mechanisms. Accordingly, using an ‘A-not B’ paradigm and a macaque model of early psychosocial deprivation, we investigated how early deprivation influences EF development longitudinally from adolescence into early adulthood. The contribution of working memory and inhibitory control mechanisms were examined specifically via the fitting of a computational model of decision-making to the choice behaviour of each individual. As predicted, peer-reared animals (i.e. those exposed to early psychosocial deprivation) performed worse than mother-reared animals across time, with the fitte..., ,

执行功能（Executive Function，EF）指支撑目标导向行为组织与调控的一类认知过程。环境体验在执行功能的发育过程中发挥关键作用，早期心理社会剥夺常与执行功能受损相关。然而，关于经历剥夺后执行功能的发育轨迹，尤其是其具体作用机制，仍存在诸多未解问题。据此，本研究采用"A-not B"范式与早期心理社会剥夺猕猴模型，纵向探究了早期剥夺如何影响从青春期到成年早期的执行功能发育。研究通过将决策计算模型拟合至每个个体的选择行为，专门考察了工作记忆与抑制控制机制的作用。正如预期，同伴养育（即经历早期心理社会剥夺）的动物随时间表现均劣于母养动物，拟合结果……