Vertical profiles of environmental parameters measured from physical, optical and imaging sensors during station TARA_107 of the Tara Oceans expedition 2009-2013

The Tara Oceans Expedition (2009-2013) sampled the world oceans on board a 36 m long schooner, collecting environmental data and organisms from viruses to planktonic metazoans for later analyses using modern sequencing and state-of-the-art imaging technologies. Tara Oceans Data are particularly suited to study the genetic, morphological and functional diversity of plankton. The present data set includes properties of seawater, particulate matter and dissolved matter from physical, optical and imaging sensors mounted on a vertical sampling system (Rosette) used during the 2009-2013 tara Oceans Expedition. It comprised 2 pairs of conductivity and temperature sensors (SEABIRD components), and a complete set of WEtLabs optical sensors, including chrorophyll and CDOM fluorometers, a 25 cm transmissiometer, and a one-wavelength backscatter meter. In addition, a SATLANTIC ISUS nitrate sensor and a Hydroptic Underwater Vision Profiler (UVP) were mounted on the rosette. In the Arctic Ocean and Arctic Seas (2013), a second oxygen sensor (SBE43) and a four frequency Aquascat acoustic profiler were added. The system was powered on specific Li-Ion batteries and data were self-recorded at 24HZ. Sensors have all been factory calibrated before, during and after the four year program. Oxygen was validated using climatologies (WOA09). Nitrate and Fluorescence data were adjusted with discrete measurements from Niskin bottles mounted on the Rosette, and optical darks were performed monthly on board. A total of 839 quality checked vertical profiles were made during the tara Oceans expedition 2009-2013.

塔拉海洋考察队（Tara Oceans Expedition）于2009至2013年间搭乘一艘36米长的纵帆船对全球海洋开展采样工作，收集了涵盖病毒至浮游后生动物在内的各类环境数据与生物体样本，以供后续借助现代测序技术与顶尖成像手段开展分析研究。塔拉海洋数据集（Tara Oceans Data）尤其适用于探究浮游生物的遗传多样性、形态多样性与功能多样性。本次数据集收录了2009至2013年塔拉海洋考察期间，搭载于垂直采样系统（Rosette，罗塞特采水系统）上的物理、光学与成像传感器所采集的海水、颗粒物与溶解物相关参数。该系统配备2组电导-温度传感器（SEABIRD组件），以及一套完整的WEtLabs光学传感器套件，涵盖叶绿素与有色溶解有机物（CDOM, Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter）荧光计、一台25厘米透射仪与一台单波长后向散射仪。此外，罗塞特采水系统上还搭载了SATLANTIC ISUS型硝酸盐传感器与Hydroptic水下视觉剖面仪（UVP, Underwater Vision Profiler）。2013年在北冰洋与北极海域开展考察时，该系统额外加装了第二台氧气传感器（SBE43）与一台四频Aquascat声学剖面仪。该采样系统由专用锂离子电池供电，数据以24 Hz的频率自动记录。所有传感器均在该四年考察项目的前期、中期与后期完成了工厂校准。氧气浓度数据通过气候学数据集（WOA09, World Ocean Atlas 2009）完成了有效性验证。硝酸盐与荧光数据通过安装在罗塞特采水系统上的尼斯金（Niskin）采水瓶所获取的离散测量值进行校正，同时每月在船上开展光学暗场校准工作。2009至2013年的塔拉海洋考察期间，共计完成839份经过质量核查的垂直剖面测量数据。