A genetic polymorphism underlying alternative reproductive tactics in Eurycea salamanders

Alternative reproductive tactics are discrete, intrasexual differences in reproductive behavior within a population. In some cases,  these complex phenotypes are determined by autosomal supergenes or sex chromosomes—both of which exhibit reduced recombination and thus enable the linked inheritance of co-adapted alleles from multiple loci. Most alternative reproductive tactics in amphibians are plastic (and reversible), environmentally determined, and lacking morphological differentiation, but a striking exception is found in the two-lined salamander (Eurycea bislineata) species complex. In some populations, two distinct male phenotypes coexist: “searching” males have mental glands, protruding premaxillary teeth, and elongate cirri used in terrestrial courtship, while “guarding” males lack these traits and instead have hypertrophied jaw musculature used in mate-guarding at aquatic nesting sites. These tactics differ in many morphological and behavioral phenotypes, but their proximate cau..., , , # A genetic polymorphism underlying alternative reproductive tactics in Eurycea salamanders

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.x3ffbg7vc](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.x3ffbg7vc)

## Description of the data and file structure

To study alternative reproductive tactics, we generated genome-wide SNP data from 2RAD library preparations for >130 *Eurycea *cf. *wilderae *collected from Highlands Biological Station. We conducted analyses to identify sex-linked and tactic-linked markers, estimate genome-wide genetic differentiation, and (from a genotyping assay) evaluate sex ratios and relative frequencies of alternative reproductive tactics. 
### Files and variables

#### File: Kalki\_Pierson\_metadata.csv

**Description:** Metadata (i.e., sex and male tactic) for all samples.

##### Variables

* sample: Sample name, matching VCF file.
* sex_tactic: Sex and/or tactic (options = female, searching, guarding)
* sex: Sex (options = female, male)

#### File: highlands\_final.vcf

**Description:** ...

替代性繁殖策略（alternative reproductive tactics）是种群内同性个体间繁殖行为的离散型差异。在部分情形中，这类复杂的表型由常染色体超基因（autosomal supergenes）或性染色体决定，二者均呈现重组率降低的特征，因此能够实现多基因座协同适配等位基因的连锁遗传。两栖动物的绝大多数替代性繁殖策略具有可塑性（且可逆转），由环境决定且无形态分化，但双线蝾螈（Eurycea bislineata）物种复合群中存在显著例外。在部分种群中，存在两种截然不同的雄性表型："搜寻型"雄性具有颌下腺、突出的前颌齿以及用于陆地求偶的细长触须；而"守卫型"雄性不具备这些特征，反而拥有发达的颌部肌肉，用于在水生产卵位点进行配偶守卫。这些策略在诸多形态与行为表型上存在差异，但其近因机制尚未明确……

# 双线蝾螈属替代性繁殖策略背后的遗传多态性
[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.x3ffbg7vc](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.x3ffbg7vc)

## 数据集与文件结构说明
为研究替代性繁殖策略，我们对从高地生物站（Highlands Biological Station）采集的130余只疑似怀尔德氏双线蝾螈（Eurycea cf. wilderae）样本，通过2RAD文库制备方法获取了全基因组单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, SNP）数据。我们开展了以下分析：鉴定与性别及繁殖策略相关的分子标记、估算全基因组遗传分化水平，以及（通过基因分型实验）评估种群性比与替代性繁殖策略的相对频率。

### 文件与变量
#### 文件：Kalki_Pierson_metadata.csv
**描述**：所有样本的元数据（即性别与雄性繁殖策略类型）。
##### 变量
- sample：样本名称，与变异检测格式（Variant Call Format, VCF）文件匹配。
- sex_tactic：性别与/或繁殖策略（可选值：雌性、搜寻型、守卫型）
- sex：性别（可选值：雌性、雄性）

#### 文件：highlands_final.vcf
**描述**：……