Table 3 in Chemical constituents derived from Artocarpus xanthocarpus as inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis

Table 3 Antioxidant activities and mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory effect of compounds from A. xanthocarpus. a CompoundsSC (µM)b 50IC (µM)b 50DPPHABTS +.O —. 2Tyrosinase1>300>300>30059.3 ± 3.72>300>300ndnd3139.3 ± 6.2>30067.2 ± 8.297.5 ± 1.54140.4 ± 1.783.5 ± 5.849.2 ± 3.3135.3 ± 6.45ndndndnd628.7 ± 1.27.6 ± 0.1nd5.7 ± 0.37>30055.0 ± 8.271.0 ± 4.085.8 ± 0.1847.6 ± 12.7>300>300nd964.3 ± 8.06.5 ± 0.963.3 ± 4.46.4 ± 0.31099.7 ± 2.822.7 ± 0.611.1 ± 0.5247.3 ± 1.511>300>300nd1.9 ± 0.112>300>300>3000.9 ± 0.113>300286.1 ± 15.2ndnd14>30028.0 ± 1.793.6 ± 5.875.0 ± 4.115>300>300nd167.6 ± 5.216>300>300nd58.2 ± 5.117>300>30063.9 ± 1.940.8 ± 1.91818.7 ± 5.560.5 ± 0.1ndnd1986.9 ± 3.350.1 ± 2.2102.1 ± 6.24.9 ± 0.32047.7 ± 3.928.8 ± 0.690.8 ± 0.41.0 ± 0.52138.7 ± 3.034.0 ± 0.6220.2 ± 9.72.5 ± 0.422>300101.9 ± 4.0151.0 ± 10.4239.4 ± 8.4Ascorbic acid c19.9 ± 1.228.2 ± 0.420.6 ± 1.6105.0 ± 3.7Arbutin cndndnd81.8 ± 2.3Kojic acid cndndnd63.7 ± 4.5 Nd: not determined. a The purity of each tested compounds was À 98% according to LC-MS data. Each value represents the mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments. b SC is the concentration of the compounds required to scavenge 50% of the radicals; IC is the concentration of the compounds required to inhibit 50% of the enzyme; 50 50 nd: not determined due to poor solubility or limited yield. c Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is used as positive control of both free radical scavenger and tyrosinase inhibitor and, however, arbutin as well as kojic acid are used as positive controls of tyrosinase inhibitor.表3 黄果A. xanthocarpus来源化合物的抗氧化活性与蘑菇酪氨酸酶抑制作用。注a 化合物 | 半数清除浓度（SC₅₀，µM）注b | 半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀，µM）注b | DPPH | ABTS·O₂⁻ | 酪氨酸酶 1>300>300>30059.3 ± 3.7 2>300>300ndnd3139.3 ± 6.2>30067.2 ± 8.297.5 ± 1.5 4140.4 ± 1.783.5 ± 5.849.2 ± 3.3135.3 ± 6.45ndndndnd 628.7 ± 1.27.6 ± 0.1nd5.7 ± 0.3 7>30055.0 ± 8.271.0 ± 4.085.8 ± 0.1 847.6 ± 12.7>300>300nd 964.3 ± 8.06.5 ± 0.963.3 ± 4.46.4 ± 0.3 1099.7 ± 2.822.7 ± 0.611.1 ± 0.5247.3 ± 1.5 11>300>300nd1.9 ± 0.1 12>300>300>3000.9 ± 0.1 13>300286.1 ± 15.2ndnd 14>30028.0 ± 1.793.6 ± 5.875.0 ± 4.1 15>300>300nd167.6 ± 5.2 16>300>300nd58.2 ± 5.1 17>300>30063.9 ± 1.940.8 ± 1.9 1818.7 ± 5.560.5 ± 0.1ndnd 1986.9 ± 3.350.1 ± 2.2102.1 ± 6.24.9 ± 0.3 2047.7 ± 3.928.8 ± 0.690.8 ± 0.41.0 ± 0.5 2138.7 ± 3.034.0 ± 0.6220.2 ± 9.72.5 ± 0.4 22>300101.9 ± 4.0151.0 ± 10.4239.4 ± 8.4 Ascorbic acid c19.9 ± 1.228.2 ± 0.420.6 ± 1.6105.0 ± 3.7 Arbutin cndndnd81.8 ± 2.3 Kojic acid cndndnd63.7 ± 4.5 Nd: not determined. 注：nd即未测定（not determined）。 注a：经液相色谱-质谱联用技术（LC-MS）检测，所有受试化合物的纯度均≥98%。所有数值均表示三次独立实验的平均值±标准差（S.D.）。 注b：半数清除浓度（SC₅₀）指清除50%自由基所需的化合物浓度；半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）指抑制50%酶活性所需的化合物浓度；nd指因溶解度较差或产量有限而未测得。 注c：抗坏血酸（Ascorbic acid，维生素C）同时作为自由基清除剂与酪氨酸酶抑制剂的阳性对照；熊果苷（Arbutin）与曲酸（Kojic acid）则作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂的阳性对照。