Descriptive statistics by gender.

The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity is a serious public health problem in low- and middle-income countries, closely linked to socioeconomic status, with significant disparities observed across different socioeconomic groups. However, the association between socioeconomic status and overweight or obesity has been less studied in Mongolia. The aim of this study was to examine socioeconomic inequality in overweight and obesity among adults in Mongolia. The data for this study was derived from the Mongolian National Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey, which included 41,777 participants aged 18 years and older. We used Erreyger’s concentration index to assess the degree of socioeconomic inequality in overweight and obese individuals. Socioeconomic status was measured by educational level. A decomposition analysis was applied to identify the factors contributing to inequality in overweight and obesity among Mongolian adults. Among the study population, 33.4% were overweight, and 20.7% were obese. The Erreyger’s concentration index for obesity was 0.059 (p超重与肥胖的患病率持续攀升，已成为中低收入国家面临的严峻公共卫生问题，其与社会经济地位密切相关，且不同社会经济群体间存在显著差异。然而，蒙古国针对社会经济地位与超重或肥胖之间关联的研究仍较为匮乏。本研究旨在探讨蒙古国成年人群中超重与肥胖的社会经济不平等状况。本研究数据来源于蒙古国全国结核病患病率调查，该调查共纳入41777名18岁及以上的受试者。本研究采用埃尔雷格集中指数（Erreyger’s concentration index），以评估超重与肥胖人群的社会经济不平等程度。研究以受教育水平作为社会经济地位的衡量指标。本研究通过分解分析，明确了蒙古国成年人群中超重与肥胖相关不平等的影响因素。在本次研究人群中，33.4%的个体存在超重情况，20.7%存在肥胖情况。肥胖相关的埃尔雷格集中指数为0.059（p