Coffee Husk Compost and Nitrogen Fertilizer rates as soil management techniques on the growth and yield of Garlic

In the study area, farmers apply fertilizers to garlic farms; however, the optimal nitrogen fertilizer levels and organic inputs remain challenges for maximizing garlic yield and quality. This study was conducted to address these gaps that would help develop more cost-effective and environmentally sustainable fertilization strategies to enhance garlic productivity. The experiment was conducted using a 4x4 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Four levels: 0, 5, 10, and 15 t ha⁻¹ coffee husk compost combined with four levels: 0, 52.5, 105, and 157.5 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer was applied to the Tsadey92 garlic variety. Data were recorded on days to 80% physiological maturity, plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf length (cm), leaf diameter (cm), fresh bulb weight (g), dry bulb weight (g), clove number per bulb, average bulb weight (g), bulb length (cm), bulb diameter (cm), dry bulb weight (g), marketable bulb yield (t ha⁻¹), unmarketable bulb yield (t ha⁻¹), total biomass (t/plant), and total bulb yield (t ha⁻¹). Therefore, the data showed the treatment combination of 10 t/ha of coffee husk compost and 105 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer produced the highest bulb yield (14.12 t/ha) with maximum net benefit (4,758,480 ETB) from garlic production. An increment in garlic response ranges 77.4% (bulb diameter), 131.8% (clove weight), 99.8% (clove number), 54.3% (bulb length), 163% (average bulb weight), 79.3% (total biomass yield), 237% (marketable bulb yield) and 178% (total bulb yield) over control treatment

在本研究区域内，农户多对大蒜田施加肥料，但在兼顾大蒜产量与品质的最优氮肥用量及有机物料投入方案方面，仍存在挑战。本研究旨在填补此类研究空白，以期开发兼具成本效益与环境可持续性的施肥方案，提升大蒜生产效能。
本实验采用完全随机区组设计（randomized complete block design, RCBD），设置4×4因子组合与三次重复。供试品种为Tsadey92大蒜，设置4个咖啡壳堆肥施用量梯度（0、5、10、15 t·ha⁻¹）与4个氮肥施用量梯度（0、52.5、105、157.5 kg·ha⁻¹），进行组合施用。
本实验记录的性状指标包括：80%生理成熟天数、株高（cm）、单株叶片数、叶长（cm）、叶片直径（cm）、鳞茎鲜重（g）、鳞茎干重（g）、单鳞茎瓣数、平均鳞茎重量（g）、鳞茎长（cm）、鳞茎直径（cm）、鳞茎干重（g）、商品鳞茎产量（t·ha⁻¹）、非商品鳞茎产量（t·ha⁻¹）、单株总生物量（t·plant⁻¹）以及总鳞茎产量（t·ha⁻¹）。
数据分析结果表明，当施用10 t·ha⁻¹咖啡壳堆肥与105 kg·ha⁻¹氮肥时，可获得最高鳞茎产量（14.12 t·ha⁻¹），同时实现大蒜生产的最高净收益（4,758,480 埃塞俄比亚比尔（ETB））。相较于对照组，各指标的大蒜响应增幅分别为：鳞茎直径77.4%、单瓣蒜瓣重量131.8%、单鳞茎瓣数99.8%、鳞茎长54.3%、平均鳞茎重量163%、总生物量产量79.3%、商品鳞茎产量237%以及总鳞茎产量178%。