Estimated values for parameters from site occupancy models of data collected via daytime surveys in the Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge from 2004 to 2005.

Ranges for each parameter represent the high and low median values across all top models (≤ 5 ΔAIC [Akaike's Information Criterion]) for each species. Single values are due to outcomes with only one top model. Standard errors listed are those associated with the listed minimum and maximum values or the individual estimates from single models.1 n = number of sites sampled; = median number of times sites were sampled; IQR = interquartile range for the median number of times sites were sampled; Naïve est. = naïve estimate, which we calculated independently for each year simply as the number of sites surveyed where we detected the species at least once/the total number of potential sites for that species that we surveyed. This value estimates site occupancy without correcting for the detection probability. Note that we used the multiyear option in PRESENCE [47] to estimate ψ for each year, resulting in derived annual estimates after the first year based upon the sum of occupied sites that did not go extinct from the previous year plus unoccupied sites that became colonized, thus making annual comparisons of naïve estimates with ψ less straightforward.2 Estimate of the occupancy probability.3 Standard errors for the listed minimum and maximum values or the individual estimates from single models.4 Estimate of the colonization probability.5 Estimate of the extinction probability.6 Estimate of the detection probability.Estimated values for parameters from site occupancy models of data collected via daytime surveys in the Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge from 2004 to 2005.各参数的取值范围为对应物种类群的所有ΔAIC[赤池信息准则，Akaike's Information Criterion]≤5的顶级模型中，该参数中位数的高低极值。若仅存在单个顶级模型，则结果将呈现单一取值。所列标准误对应于所列的极值，或单个顶级模型的单独参数估计值。1 n：调查站点数；：站点被采样次数的中位数；IQR（四分位距，interquartile range）：站点采样次数中位数的四分位距；朴素估计值（naïve estimate）：我们每年独立计算该值，计算公式为「当年至少检测到目标物种的调查站点数/该物种类群的总调查潜在站点数」。该值可在未校正检测概率的前提下估计站点占用率。需注意，我们使用PRESENCE软件[47]的多年期选项对各年份的ψ（站点占用概率）进行估计，由此得到首年后的年度派生估计值：该值由上一年未灭绝的占用站点数，加上当年新发生定殖的未占用站点数求和得到，因此将朴素估计值与ψ进行年度比较时会更为复杂。2 站点占用概率的估计值。3 对应所列极值或单个模型单独估计值的标准误。4 定殖概率的估计值。5 灭绝概率的估计值。6 检测概率的估计值。本次分析的参数估计值，源自2004至2005年在尼尔·史密斯国家野生动物保护区（Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge）通过日间调查采集的数据的位点占用模型（site occupancy models）。