Inclusion criteria using the PCC framework.

Cervical cancer is a prevalent disease among women, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where most deaths occur. Integrating cervical cancer screening services into healthcare facilities is essential in combating the disease. Thus, this review aims to map evidence related to integrating cervical cancer screening into existing primary care services and identify associated barriers and facilitators in LMICs. The scoping review employed a five-step framework as proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Five databases (MEDLINE, Maternity Infant Care, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Science) were systematically searched. Data were extracted, charted, synthesized, and summarised. A total of 28 original articles conducted in LMICs from 2000 to 2023 were included. Thirty-nine percent of the reviewed studies showed that cervical cancer screening (CCS) was integrated into HIV clinics. The rest of the papers revealed that CCS was integrated into existing reproductive and sexual health clinics, maternal and child health, family planning, well-baby clinics, maternal health clinics, gynecology outpatient departments, and sexually transmitted infections clinics. The cost-effectiveness of integrated services, promotion, and international initiatives were identified as facilitators while resource scarcity, lack of skilled staff, high client loads, lack of preventive oncology policy, territorial disputes, and lack of national guidelines were identified as barriers to the services. The evidence suggests that CCS can be integrated into healthcare facilities in LMICs, in various primary care services, including HIV clinics, reproductive and sexual health clinics, well-baby clinics, maternal health clinics, and gynecology OPDs. However, barriers include limited health system capacity, workload, waiting times, and lack of coordination. Addressing these gaps could strengthen the successful integration of CCS into primary care services and improve cervical cancer prevention and treatment outcomes.宫颈癌是女性群体中的高发疾病，且绝大多数死亡病例集中于低收入和中等收入国家（low- and middle-income countries, LMICs）。将宫颈癌筛查服务纳入现有医疗机构体系，是防控该疾病的关键举措。为此，本综述旨在梳理将宫颈癌筛查整合至现有基层医疗服务的相关研究证据，并明确低收入和中等收入国家中该项整合工作面临的阻碍与促进因素。本范围综述采用了Arksey与O’Malley提出的五步研究框架，系统检索了5个数据库：MEDLINE、Maternity Infant Care、Scopus、护理及相关健康文献累积索引（Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, CINAHL）以及Web of Science。研究人员对数据进行了提取、绘表、综合与总结，最终纳入2000年至2023年间于低收入和中等收入国家开展的28篇原创研究论文。纳入的综述研究中，39%表明宫颈癌筛查（Cervical Cancer Screening, CCS）已整合至艾滋病（Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV）门诊；其余研究显示，宫颈癌筛查还被整合至现有生殖与性健康门诊、母婴健康服务、计划生育门诊、婴幼儿保健门诊、孕产妇健康门诊、妇科门诊以及性传播感染门诊。研究表明，整合服务的成本效益、宣传推广及国际倡议是促进该项整合工作的有利因素；而资源匮乏、专业人员短缺、服务对象负荷过高、预防肿瘤学政策缺失、领土争端以及国家指南匮乏则是该服务面临的阻碍。现有证据表明，在低收入和中等收入国家，宫颈癌筛查可被整合至各类基层医疗服务场景中，包括艾滋病门诊、生殖与性健康门诊、婴幼儿保健门诊、孕产妇健康门诊以及妇科门诊（outpatient department, OPD）。但该项整合工作仍存在诸多阻碍，如医疗体系能力不足、工作负荷过重、候诊时间过长以及协调机制缺失。针对性填补这些短板，可助力宫颈癌筛查顺利整合至基层医疗服务体系，并改善宫颈癌的预防与治疗效果。