pone.0343884.t040 -

This study develops and validates an experimental framework for investigating the production of subjective motion sentences (e.g., The road winds through the valley), a phenomenon that has been examined mainly from comprehension perspectives. Using Mandarin as a case study, we first conducted corpus-based analyses to develop the framework, which incorporates: (1) an analysis of four key construal operations (selection, perspective, prominence, and imagination) together with aspectual construals, (2) a classification for subjective motion sentence types based on aspectual marking and subject traversability, and (3) three experiential motivations (perceiving, scanning, and imaging) used to characterize recurrent construal tendencies in production. Guided by the framework, we designed picture-elicitation tasks and conducted production experiments with native Mandarin speakers to test its validity. The findings demonstrate that the framework effectively elicits diverse subjective motion types, capturing language-specific regularities while pointing to cross-linguistically applicable principles of motion construal. By linking corpus evidence to experimental validation, the study provides a systematic and replicable approach that can be extended to future cross-linguistic research on motion and language.本研究开发并验证了一套用于研究主观运动句（subjective motion sentence）产出的实验框架，例如“道路蜿蜒穿过山谷”。此类语言现象此前的相关研究主要从理解视角展开。本研究以普通话（Mandarin）为案例对象，首先通过基于语料库的分析构建该框架，框架涵盖以下三部分内容：(1) 针对四项核心识解操作（construal operation）——选取、视角、凸显与想象——以及体貌识解（aspectual construal）的分析；(2) 基于体貌标记（aspectual marking）与主语可通行性（subject traversability）的主观运动句类型分类体系；(3) 三类用于刻画产出过程中反复出现的识解倾向的体验理据（experiential motivation）：感知、扫描与想象。在该框架的指导下，我们设计了图片引导产出任务（picture-elicitation task），并招募以普通话为母语的使用者开展产出实验以验证框架的有效性。研究结果表明，该框架可有效引导出多样化的主观运动句类型，既捕捉到了语言特异性的规律，同时也揭示了具备跨语言适用性的运动识解（motion construal）原则。本研究将语料库证据与实验验证相结合，提供了一套系统且可复现的研究方法，可推广至未来关于运动与语言的跨语言研究中。