Data from the paper Krechemer and Marchioro (2020) published in the Journal of Applied Ecology

Our study applied ecological niche modeling techniques to estimate the past, present, and future distributions of six Bombus species found in South America. These data were used to estimate climatically stable areas (CSAs) for each species and, combined with information on land cover and protected area network, identify species and areas for the conservation of these important pollinators. The models predicted a reduction in climatically suitable habitats from Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present for most species. Similarly, all species were predicted to lose climatically suitable areas in future climate scenarios, ranging from 9% to 78%, depending on the species and climate change scenario. The percentage of legally protected CSAs varied between 4.0% and 48.2% among species, mainly due to differences in the protected area network among the biomes in which they occur. A significant portion of the distribution range of most species includes agricultural areas, which likely increases bumble bee exposure to pesticides. Based on the estimated habitat loss due to climate change, as well as from land cover and protected area, our results indicate that B. bellicosus, B. brevivillus, and B. brasiliensis are the most endangered species of those evaluated. Our findings provide a framework for conservation strategies of six species of South American bumble bees, by prioritizing species and areas for conservation considering their distribution range and the climatically stable areas under different climate change scenarios. Our findings provide a framework for conservation strategies of these important pollinators taking into account CSAs. The data set comprise occurrence records for the six bumble bee species, the background files used in the modelling process and the generated suitability maps for each species and climate change scenarios.

本研究采用生态位模型（ecological niche modeling）技术，估算了南美洲分布的6种熊蜂属（Bombus）物种的过去、当前与未来分布格局。基于上述数据，本研究估算了各物种的气候稳定区域（CSAs），并结合土地覆被与保护区网络相关信息，明确了针对这类重要传粉昆虫的保护物种与保护区域。模型预测，多数熊蜂物种的气候适宜生境自末次盛冰期（LGM）至今呈缩减趋势。同样，所有熊蜂物种在未来气候情景下的气候适宜区域均会缩减，缩减幅度因物种与气候变化情景而异，范围为9%至78%。各物种受法律保护的CSAs占比介于4.0%至48.2%之间，这主要源于其栖息生物群系的保护区网络存在差异。多数熊蜂物种的分布范围中有相当一部分包含农业区域，这可能会加剧熊蜂接触农药的风险。结合气候变化、土地覆被变化带来的生境损失以及保护区覆盖情况的估算结果，本研究结果显示，在本次评估的物种中，B. bellicosus、B. brevivillus与B. brasiliensis是受威胁程度最高的物种。本研究结果为南美洲6种熊蜂的保护策略提供了分析框架，即结合物种分布范围与不同气候变化情景下的气候稳定区域，优先确定需保护的物种与区域。本研究结果为这类重要传粉昆虫的保护策略提供了考量CSAs的分析框架。本数据集包含6种熊蜂的物种发生记录、建模过程中使用的背景文件，以及各物种在不同气候变化情景下生成的适宜性分布图。