Dissatisfaction with body image and associated factors in adult women

ABSTRACT Objective To associate body image with sociodemographic profile, lifestyle, anthropometry and health conditions in adult women. Methods Prevalence study, conducted in a probabilistic cluster sample (n=35 Primary Education Schools) conducted in 2016 with 633 teachers. Sociodemographic characteristics were evaluated; morbidities, anthropometric variables; subjective health issues; lifestyle and self-reported morbidities. Results The prevalence of body image dissatisfaction was 48.7%. There was a greater chance of dissatisfaction among older women who have children, unsatisfactory lifestyle, are overweight, with poor health/poor self-perception of health, and the presence of depressive symptoms. Women who had a poor lifestyle had a four-fold greater chance of dissatisfaction with body appearance (Odds Ratio=4.193) than women who had a satisfactory lifestyle. Conclusion The results revealed that almost half of the adult women surveyed in this study reported dissatisfaction with their body image. This outcome indicates the need for interventions and program implementation related to body image dissatisfaction among women.摘要 目的：探究成年女性的身体意象（body image）与社会人口学特征、生活方式、人体测量学指标及健康状况之间的关联。 方法：本研究为横断面患病率调查，于2016年采用整群概率抽样方法，选取35所小学作为抽样单元，共纳入633名教师作为研究对象。调研内容涵盖社会人口学特征、疾病患病情况、人体测量学变量、主观健康状况、生活方式以及自我报告的病史。 结果：本研究中身体意象不满意的患病率为48.7%。高龄、育有子女、生活方式欠佳、超重、健康状况不佳/对自身健康自评较差以及存在抑郁症状的女性，其身体意象不满意的发生风险更高。其中，生活方式欠佳的女性，身体外观不满意的发生风险是生活方式良好女性的4倍（优势比（Odds Ratio）=4.193）。 结论：研究结果显示，本次受访的成年女性中近半数存在身体意象不满意的情况。这一结果表明，针对女性群体的身体意象不满问题，亟需开展相关干预措施并实施专项项目。