Long-term project observations for project P574 semester 2025APRS_04

We request time to observe 270 pulsars on a regular basis in order to achieve three main science goals. The first is to understand pulsars: how do they spin down and what disrupts this process, how and why their profiles vary with time, whether they precess or have planetary mass companions, in short all the things that make pulsar timing noisier than the perfect clock. Secondly we want to understand the interstellar medium of our Galaxy through repeated monitoring of dispersion measure, rotation measure and flux density variations in conjunction with scintillation parameters. Finally, we provide these data as a community service both to the high-energy community where we have strong collaborative links (particularly to Fermi) and to the radio pulsar astronomers generally through the CSIRO archive. The project is on-going since 2007, we are (co-)authors on 106 papers arising from the P574 data. The data have contributed to the PhD theses of students from Bordeaux, Manchester, Oxford, Stanford, and Swinburne. We are seeking long-term project status with a view to continuing the project into the SKA era.

我们申请观测时长以对270颗脉冲星开展常态化观测，旨在达成三项核心科学目标。其一为解析脉冲星本质：它们的自转减速机制与扰乱该过程的因素、脉冲轮廓随时间变化的方式与内在缘由、脉冲星是否存在进动现象或行星质量伴星——简言之，所有会令脉冲星计时精度劣于理想时钟的相关问题。其二为通过持续监测色散量、旋转量、流量密度的变化，并结合闪烁参数，解析银河系的星际介质特性。其三，我们将此类数据作为社区科研服务共享：一方面为拥有紧密合作关系的高能天体物理界（尤其与费米（Fermi）团队）提供支持，另一方面通过澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织（CSIRO）档案库面向全体射电脉冲星天文学家开放。本项目自2007年起持续开展，基于P574项目数据产出的学术论文共计106篇，我们均为这些论文的（共同）作者。这些数据助力了来自波尔多大学、曼彻斯特大学、牛津大学、斯坦福大学以及斯威本科技大学的学生完成其博士学位论文。我们正申请将该项目纳入长期科研项目序列，以期将其延续至平方千米阵（SKA）时代。