Behavioral and 2p imaging data and analysis code: Long timescale anti-directional rotation in Drosophila optomotor behavior

This dataset contains the data and code to reproduce the results in Mano et al 2023 ([https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.86076](https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.86076)). It includes the raw imaging data in .tif format, the walking behavior data in .csv format, and files that specify the visual stimuli. Paper Abstract Locomotor movements cause visual images to be displaced across the eye, a retinal slip that is counteracted by stabilizing reflexes in many animals. In insects, optomotor turning causes the animal to turn in the direction of rotating visual stimuli, thereby reducing retinal slip and stabilizing trajectories through the world. This behavior has formed the basis for extensive dissections of motion vision. Here, we report that under certain stimulus conditions, two Drosophila species, including the widely studied D. melanogaster, can suppress and even reverse the optomotor turning response over several seconds. Such ‘anti-directional turning’ is most strongly evoked by long-lasting, high-contrast, slow-moving visual stimuli that are distinct from those that promote syn-directional optomotor turning. Anti-directional turning, like the syn-directional optomotor response, requires the local motion detecting neurons T4 and T5. A subset of lobula plate tangential cells, CH cells, show involvement in these responses. Imaging from a variety of direction-selective cells in the lobula plate shows no evidence of dynamics that match the behavior, suggesting that the observed inversion in turning direction emerges downstream of the lobula plate. Further, anti-directional turning declines with age and exposure to light. These results show that Drosophila optomotor turning behaviors contain rich, stimulus-dependent dynamics that are inconsistent with simple reflexive stabilization responses.本数据集包含复现Mano等人2023年发表论文（[https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.86076](https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.86076)）中实验结果所需的全部数据与代码。其中涵盖.tif格式的原始成像数据、.csv格式的行走行为数据，以及用于定义视觉刺激的相关文件。 论文摘要 运动行为会引发视觉图像在视网膜上的位移，即视网膜滑移（retinal slip），这一现象可被多种动物体内的稳定反射所抵消。在昆虫中，视运动转向（optomotor turning）会使动物朝向旋转视觉刺激的方向转动，进而减少视网膜滑移并稳定其在环境中的运动轨迹。该行为已成为解析运动视觉机制的经典研究基础。本研究发现，在特定刺激条件下，包括被广泛研究的黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）在内的两种果蝇物种，能够在数秒内抑制甚至逆转视运动转向反应。此类“反向转向”行为，最易由与诱导同向视运动转向的刺激特征迥异的长时程、高对比度、缓慢移动的视觉刺激所诱发。与同向视运动反应一致，反向转向同样依赖局部运动检测神经元T4和T5的功能，小叶板切线细胞（lobula plate tangential cells）中的CH细胞亚群也参与了这一反应过程。对小叶板内多种方向选择性神经元的成像检测未发现与该行为匹配的动态变化特征，这表明观察到的转向方向反转现象出现在小叶板的下游神经通路中。此外，反向转向行为会随个体年龄增长和光照暴露时长增加而减弱。本研究结果表明，果蝇的视运动转向行为包含丰富的、依赖于刺激类型的动态调节机制，这与简单的反射性稳定反应存在显著差异。