HPLC-Chromatogram of methanol fraction.

Berula erecta L. is traditionally used for the treatment of various human ailments. The present project was arranged to study the antioxidant and anti-Parkinson efficacy of B. erecta extracts against rotenone-induced Parkinson diseases in rats. Fine powder of the plant was extracted with methanol and then fractionated through various solvents with increasing order of polarity. Phytochemical screenings were done using standard protocols and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) while in-vitro antioxidant activities of plant fractions were evaluated using different free radicals. In-vivo anti-Parkinson and oxidative dysfunction experiments were conducted in rats. Results revealed that various fractions possessed flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids saponins, tannin, anthraquinon, and phlobatanine, while terpeniods and alkaloids were absent in aqueous fraction. Chromatographic analysis of methanol fraction showed the presence of various bioactive compounds viz., vitexin, orientin, rutin, catechin and myricetin. In-vitro antioxidant activities of various fractions of Berula erecta (B.erecta) showed that methanol fraction has remarkable scavenging efficacy of 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), beta carotene, and superoxide free radicals followed by chloroform fraction. Free radicals produced by 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl free radicals were considerably scavenged by methanol fraction followed by ethyl acetate fractions. In-vivo study of animal model showed that methanol fraction has significant recovery effects at behavioural, physiological and biochemical level against rotenone induced Parkinson disease. B.erecta has significantly improved rotenone-induced motor and nonmotor deficits (depression and cognitive impairments), increased antioxidant enzyme activity, and reduced neurotransmitter changes. It has been concluded from the present data that B.erecta enhances neurotransmitter levels by alleviating oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity, hence improving motor activity, cognitive functioning, and decreasing depressed behavior. These data suggest that B. erecta may be a promising medicinal agent for reducing the risk and progression of Parkinson’s disease.直立苞序芹（Berula erecta L.）传统上被用于治疗多种人类病症。本研究旨在探究直立苞序芹提取物对鱼藤酮诱导的大鼠帕金森病的抗氧化及抗帕金森功效。将该植物制成细粉后，采用甲醇进行提取，再通过极性递增的不同溶剂进行分级分离。采用标准实验方案与高效液相色谱法（High-performance liquid chromatography, HPLC）开展植物化学筛选，并利用多种自由基评价各植物分级组分的体外抗氧化活性。同时在大鼠体内开展抗帕金森病及氧化功能障碍实验。结果显示，各分级组分均含有黄酮类、生物碱类、萜类、皂苷类、鞣质、蒽醌类以及鞣花丹宁类成分，但水组分中未检出萜类与生物碱。对甲醇组分的色谱分析表明，其含有多种生物活性成分，包括牡荆素、荭草素、芦丁、儿茶素及杨梅素。直立苞序芹各分级组分的体外抗氧化活性实验结果表明，甲醇组分对2,2-二苯基-1-苦肼基（2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH）、β-胡萝卜素及超氧阴离子自由基具有显著的清除效果，其清除能力优于氯仿组分。而针对2,2'-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)（2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ABTS）、过氧化氢（Hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂）及羟基自由基，甲醇组分同样展现出显著的清除能力，其后活性最优的为乙酸乙酯组分。体内动物模型实验结果表明，甲醇组分可在行为学、生理学及生化层面显著改善鱼藤酮诱导的帕金森病症状。直立苞序芹可显著改善鱼藤酮诱导的运动及非运动功能缺损（抑郁与认知障碍），提升抗氧化酶活性，并缓解神经递质水平异常。本研究数据表明，直立苞序芹可通过减轻氧化应激、提升抗氧化酶活性来提高神经递质水平，进而改善运动功能、认知能力，并降低抑郁样行为。上述结果提示，直立苞序芹有望成为降低帕金森病发病风险及延缓疾病进展的潜在药用制剂。