Participants characteristics.

Emerging infectious diseases such as Ebola and Mpox pose significant public health challenges in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Effective prevention policies require a clear understanding of the socio-ecological systems (SES) in which these diseases emerge. This study examined the SES influencing emerging infectious disease prevention in the DRC through five participatory modelling workshops conducted at national, provincial, and community levels using causal loop diagrams (CLDs). Participants were selected through stakeholder analysis to ensure cross-sectoral representation. A structured process guided the co-creation of integrated system maps, beginning with disease-specific models and culminating in validated shared maps. A total of 162 stakeholders participated across the workshops, most of whom were affiliated with government institutions (83%), with smaller proportions from civil society, academia, and technical assistance organizations. The Agriculture and Animal Health sector represented 36% of participants, followed by Human Health (31%) and Environmental Health (13%). Most participants had over 10 years of experience. Analysis of the CLDs revealed that while the number of infected individuals remained the central driver triggering feedback responses, the mechanisms of influence differed by governance level. National and provincial systems were shaped by public investment in One Health systems, political commitment, and governance capacity, whereas community-level dynamics were dominated by socio-economic conditions, hunting practices, and local sensitization. Overall, the findings highlight that current governance remains largely reactive, emphasizing response over prevention. Strengthening One Health governance will require a shift toward proactive health promotion supported by institutionalized coordination, sustained investment, and inclusive community engagement.埃博拉（Ebola）与猴痘（Mpox）等新发传染病给刚果民主共和国（Democratic Republic of the Congo, DRC）带来了严峻的公共卫生挑战。制定有效的预防政策，需明晰此类疾病滋生的社会生态系统（socio-ecological systems, SES）。本研究依托在国家、省级与社区层面开展的5场参与式建模研讨会，借助因果环路图（causal loop diagrams, CLDs），分析了影响刚果民主共和国新发传染病预防的社会生态系统。 研究通过利益相关者分析遴选参与者，以确保覆盖跨部门代表。协同构建整合式系统图谱的流程遵循结构化框架：从针对特定疾病的模型起步，最终形成经过验证的共享图谱。各场研讨会总计吸纳162名利益相关者参与，其中绝大多数隶属于政府机构（占比83%），来自民间社会、学术界与技术援助机构的参与者占比较少。农业与动物健康领域参与者占比36%，其次为人类健康领域（31%）与环境卫生领域（13%）。多数参与者拥有10年以上的相关工作经验。 对因果环路图的分析显示，尽管感染者数量仍是触发反馈响应的核心驱动因素，但影响机制因治理层级而异。国家与省级系统的运行受全健康（One Health）体系公共投入、政治承诺与治理能力塑造，而社区层面的动态则主要由社会经济状况、狩猎行为与本地宣传教育主导。 总体而言，研究结果表明当前治理模式仍以被动应对为主，更侧重疫情响应而非疾病预防。强化全健康治理需转向主动健康促进模式，这需要制度化协调、持续投入与包容的社区参与作为支撑。