Data for: The evolution of terrestrial latitudinal temperature gradient from the latest Cretaceous through the Present

The global marine/terrestrial temperature data from different proxies were collected for the latest Cretaceous (~72-66 Ma), Late Paleocene-Early Eocene (~60-48 Ma), Early Oligocene (~34-28 Ma), and Pliocene (5.3-2.6 Ma). The terrestrial proxies include plant fossils, membrane lipids from soils (MBT/CBT), δ18O of tooth enamel, and clumped isotopes (Δ47) of inorganic and organic carbonates. The marine proxies include membrane lipids of marine sediments (TEX86), UK’37, the Mg/Ca of planktonic foraminifera, clumped isotopes (Δ47) of shell carbonates, and the δ18O of diverse fossils, including fish tooth enamel (phosphate), mollusk shells and fish otoliths (aragonite), exceptionally well-preserved planktonic foraminifera (calcite), and well-preserved rudists and other mollusks (calcite).

本数据集收集了不同代用指标（proxies）对应的全球海洋与陆地温度数据，覆盖四个关键地质时段：晚白垩世最末期（约72–66 Ma）、晚古新世-早始新世（约60–48 Ma）、早渐新世（约34–28 Ma）以及上新世（5.3–2.6 Ma）。其中陆地代用指标涵盖植物化石、土壤膜脂（membrane lipids）、牙釉质δ¹⁸O，以及无机与有机碳酸盐的团簇同位素（clumped isotopes，Δ₄₇）；海洋代用指标则包括海洋沉积物膜脂、TEX₈₆、UK’₃₇、浮游有孔虫的Mg/Ca比值、壳体碳酸盐的团簇同位素（Δ₄₇），以及多种化石的δ¹⁸O，涉及的化石类型包括鱼牙釉质（磷酸盐）、软体动物壳体与鱼耳石（文石）、保存状态极佳的浮游有孔虫（方解石），以及保存完好的固着蛤类（rudists）与其他软体动物（方解石）。