Data for Hierarchical Multi-Scale Cascade Reservoir Scheduling

This dataset accompanies the study on hierarchical multi-scale multi-objective scheduling of the Wudongde–Baihetan–Xiluodu–Xiangjiaba cascade reservoir system in the lower Jinsha River. The deposited file, data.csv, contains the carbon-flux parameters used to evaluate the environmental objective during the post-flood impoundment period. The dataset includes greenhouse-gas emission rates for reservoir water surfaces and drawdown areas, organic-carbon burial rates, and global warming potential (GWP) factors for CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O. Other datasets used in the study are not redistributed in this repository because they were obtained from third-party data providers or external published sources and the authors do not hold the rights to authorize their secondary redistribution. To ensure transparency and reproducibility, the original data sources are provided below and are also described in the associated manuscript. External data sources Hydrological and reservoir inflow data: China Hydrological Yearbook and the Yangtze River Hydrology Network. These data were used to construct the 1979–2024 Wudongde inflow series, identify representative wet, normal, and dry hydrological scenarios, and drive the cascade-reservoir scheduling model.Yangtze River Hydrology Network: https://www.cjh.com.cn/ Meteorological data: China Meteorological Data Service Center, used for meteorological inputs associated with downstream ecological water-temperature analysis.https://data.cma.cn/ Downstream water-temperature data: Yangtze River Hydrology Network, used for ecological water-temperature analysis and validation of the RF-AdaBoost surrogate model.https://www.cjh.com.cn/ Reservoir engineering and operational parameters: Water-level–storage relationships, installed hydropower capacity, ecological-release requirements, maximum discharge capacities, controlled drainage areas, and characteristic operating water levels were compiled from engineering documentation and previously published studies, as documented in the associated manuscript. Carbon-flux information: Greenhouse-gas emission and carbon-burial parameters were compiled with reference to the published studies used in the manuscript:Ning et al. (2025), Balancing water, power, and carbon: A synergistic optimization framework for mega cascade reservoir operations. Renewable Energy, 243, 122567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2025.122567 Zhu et al. (2025), Optimization of hydropower’s clean attributes: A multi-objective framework linking operation scheduling and life-cycle carbon footprint assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 507, 146994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.146994 Users seeking the original third-party hydrological, meteorological, water-temperature, or engineering datasets should obtain them directly from the corresponding data providers or cited publications and comply with their respective access and use conditions. The present Zenodo record does not redistribute these third-party source datasets.