Prey preference of the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes

Chimpanzees Pan troglodytes are the closest extant relative of modern humans, and are often used as a model organism to help understand prehistoric human behavior and ecology. Originally presumed herbivorous, chimpanzees have been observed hunting 24 species of birds, ungulates, rodents, monkeys, and other primates, using an array of techniques from tools to group cooperation. Using the literature on chimpanzee hunting behavior and diet from 13 studies, we aimed to determine the prey preferences of chimpanzees. We extracted data on prey-specific variables such as targeted species, their body weight, and their abundance within the prey community, and hunter-specific variables such as hunting method, and chimpanzee group size and sex ratio. We used these in a generalized linear model to determine what factors drive chimpanzee prey preference. We calculated a Jacobs’ Index value for each prey species killed at two sites in Uganda and two sites in Tanzania. Chimpanzees prefer prey with a bo...

黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）是现存与现代人类亲缘关系最近的物种，常被用作模式生物（model organism）以助力解析史前人类的行为与生态特征。此前学界曾默认黑猩猩为草食性动物，但后续野外观测显示，它们可借助工具使用、群体协作等多样化捕猎策略，捕猎24类鸟类、有蹄类、啮齿类、猴类及其他灵长类动物。本研究依托13项已发表的黑猩猩捕猎行为与饮食相关文献，旨在明确黑猩猩的猎物偏好。我们提取了两类核心数据：其一为猎物特异性变量，涵盖目标猎物物种、猎物体重及其在猎物群落中的丰度；其二为捕猎者特异性变量，包括捕猎方式、黑猩猩群体规模与性别比例。我们将上述数据纳入广义线性模型（generalized linear model），以探究驱动黑猩猩猎物偏好的关键因素。此外，我们针对乌干达2处研究位点与坦桑尼亚2处研究位点中被猎杀的每一猎物物种，计算了雅各布指数（Jacobs’ Index）数值。黑猩猩偏好具有……