In Vitro Erosive Effect of Pediatric Medicines on Deciduous Tooth Enamel

This study evaluated, in vitro, the erosive potential of pediatric liquid medicines in primary tooth enamel, depending on the exposure time. Sixty deciduous incisors were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=15), according to the immersion solutions: guaifenesin; ferrous sulfate; salbutamol sulfate and artificial saliva. The immersion cycles in the medicines were undertaken under a 1-min agitation, which wasperformed three times daily, during 28 days. Surface microhardness was measured at 7,14, 21 and 28 days. The titratable acidity and buffering capacity of the immersion media were determined. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Salbutamol sulfate caused a gradual loss in enamel microhardness deciduous, observed at all times (p0.005) at any of the studied times. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images revealed that after 28 days the surfaces clearly exhibited structural loss, which was unlike those immersed in artificial saliva. Erosion of deciduous enamel was dependent on the type of medicine and exposure time.本研究采用体外实验方法，评估了不同暴露时长下儿科液体制剂对乳牙牙釉质的侵蚀潜能。本研究将60颗乳切牙按浸泡液类型随机分为4组（每组n=15），浸泡液分别为愈创甘油醚（guaifenesin）、硫酸亚铁（ferrous sulfate）、硫酸沙丁胺醇（salbutamol sulfate）及人工唾液。实验周期为28天，每日开展3次药物浸泡操作，每次浸泡过程中辅以1分钟搅拌。分别于第7、14、21及28天测定样本的表面显微硬度。同时检测各浸泡介质的滴定酸度与缓冲容量。实验数据采用方差分析（Analysis of Variance）与图基检验（Tukey's test）进行统计学分析，检验水准设定为α=0.05。结果显示，硫酸沙丁胺醇可导致乳牙牙釉质显微硬度随时间逐渐降低，在所有观测时间点均存在显著统计学差异（p<0.005）。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）成像结果表明，浸泡28天后，硫酸沙丁胺醇组样本的牙釉质表面出现明显的结构缺损，与人工唾液组样本的表面形态差异显著。乳牙牙釉质的侵蚀程度取决于药物类型与暴露时长。