Components and dimensions of independent living among community dwelling Filipino older adults

This study aimed to explore the components and dimensions of independent living among community-dwelling Filipino older adults living in urban and rural communities. Independent living is defined differently in different group and its meaning can change from one culture to another and also across time. As people age, quality of life is determined by their capacity to live independently. Understanding the components and dimensions of independent living according to culture is a key to planning appropriate interventions to achieve independent living of older adults. This qualitative descriptive research was approved by the Ethics Review Sub-Committee for Research involving Human Research Subject of Thammasat University No 3 in Pathumthani, Thailand. From April to December 2019. The sample of this study were physically healthy older adults aged 60 years or older living alone or with families friends, or household helper in urban or rural community, conversant, and able to read and write Filipino or English language. The researcher conducted audio-recorded in-depth interviews with thirty two older adults using a semi-structured interview guide. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Findings of the study revealed that the componentst of independent living for older adults included maintaining good health, ability to engage in self-care, unburdening others, gaining control, making decisions, engaging with the community, connecting with family and significant others, having good relationships with others, having a source of income, and maintaining religious practices. These components were categorized into five dimensions reflecting the physical, psychological, social, financial, and spiritual dimensions of independent living. Independent living for older adults is multidimensional and reflects their cultural identity, resources that they need, and their attitude toward aging. Insights on how older adult views independent living will enable family caregivers, nurses, and policy makers to create opportunites, programs, and policies that promote independent living, and quality of life of older adults in the Philippines.