A dataset of seabird collision and displacement vulnerability factors relatively to marine wind farms in Portugal

The implementation of marine wind farms has grown considerably along northern European's northern Atlantic coasts (e.g. Baltic and North Sea) and a boom in these infrastructures is expected to take place along Europe's entire Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. Accordingly, the Portuguese government has recently proposed priority sites for the construction of wind farms along the mainland coast. We used sensitivity mapping (Garthe & Hüppop, 2004) to assess which areas along the Portuguese coast are most sensitive for seabirds and to what extent the proposed sites for wind farm construction overlap with these areas. This dataset contains the base data to estimate a seabird Species Sensitivity Index (SSI) (following Bradbury et al., 2014, Certain et al., 2015), including scores for 11 species-specific ecological and behavioural factors related with seabird species' (i) vulnerability to collision with wind farms (4 factors), (ii) vulnerability to displacement due to disturbance by wind farms and associated maintenance (3 factors), and (iii) conservation status (4 factors). We reviewed the literature to mine and compile data on these factors for 34 seabird species that regularly occur along the Portuguese mainland coast. We updated factor scores, particularly for those factors that have been studied in greater detail in recent years using tracking technologies (Clairbaux & Jessopp, 2021). However, in many cases empirical data were unavailable and we used the scores presented in previous sensitivity mapping studies (Garthe & Hüppop, 2004; Bradbury et al., 2014; Certain et al., 2015; Wade et al., 2016; Serratosa & Allinson, 2022).海上风电场（marine wind farms）的建设在欧洲北部北大西洋沿岸（如波罗的海、北海）已取得显著增长，且预计这类基础设施将在欧洲全境大西洋及地中海沿岸迎来爆发式发展。据此，葡萄牙政府近日已提出在其本土沿岸布局风电场的优先选址方案。本研究采用敏感性制图（sensitivity mapping）方法（Garthe & Hüppop, 2004），评估了葡萄牙沿岸哪些区域对海鸟最为敏感，并分析了拟建风电场选址与这些敏感区域的重叠程度。 本数据集包含用于估算海鸟物种敏感性指数（Species Sensitivity Index，SSI）的基础数据（遵循Bradbury等人2014年、Certain等人2015年的研究框架），涵盖11种针对海鸟物种的特异性生态与行为因子评分，这些因子可分为三类：(i) 与海鸟遭遇风电场碰撞的易感性相关的4项因子；(ii) 与海鸟因风电场及相关运维活动干扰而发生栖息地偏移的易感性相关的3项因子；(iii) 与海鸟保护等级相关的4项因子。 本研究通过文献调研，收集并整理了在葡萄牙本土沿岸常态化栖息的34种海鸟的上述因子数据。我们对部分因子的评分进行了更新，尤其是近年来通过追踪技术开展了更深入研究的相关因子（Clairbaux & Jessopp, 2021）。但在多数情况下缺乏实测数据，因此我们沿用了此前敏感性制图研究中的评分标准（Garthe & Hüppop, 2004; Bradbury et al., 2014; Certain et al., 2015; Wade et al., 2016; Serratosa & Allinson, 2022）。