Summary of Pacific Salmon Escapement Goals in Alaska with a Review of Escapements from 2001 to 2009

This dataset is compiled from Tables 1-4 from the report "Summary of Pacific salmon escapement goals in Alaska with a review of escapements from 2001 to 2009.” Escapement is defined as the number of mature salmon migrating from the marine environment to freshwater streams. Escapement data are the enumeration of these migrating fish as they pass upstream, and are a widely used index of spawning salmon abundance. These data are important for fisheries management, since most salmon harvest occurs in freshwater rivers during this migration. As a part of management of these salmon stocks, some Alaskan river systems are assigned escapement goals, which generally represent the number of salmon that need to be given the opportunity to spawn to ensure survival of the stock. Generally there are three common types of escapement goals. Biological Escapement Goals (BEGs) are defined in Alaska fishery regulations 5 AAC 39.222(f) as "the escapement that provides the greatest potential for maximum sustained yield." Sustainable Escapement Goals (SEGs) are defined in the same section as "a level of escapement, indicated by an index or an escapement estimate, that is known to provide for sustained yield over a 5 to 10 year period, used in situations where a BEG cannot be estimated or managed for." Optimal Escapement Goals (OEGs) are defined as "a specific management objective for salmon escapement that considers biological and allocative factors and may differ from the SEG or BEG."

本数据集编译自报告《阿拉斯加太平洋鲑鱼洄游产卵目标综述及2001-2009年洄游量回顾》中的表1至表4。洄游产卵量（escapement）定义为从海洋环境向淡水溪流洄游的成熟鲑鱼个体总数。洄游产卵量数据为上述溯河洄游鱼类的个体计数结果，是评估产卵鲑鱼种群丰度的通用指标。此类数据对渔业管理具有重要意义，因为多数鲑鱼捕捞活动均发生在该洄游阶段的淡水河道内。作为该类鲑鱼种群管理的组成部分，部分阿拉斯加河道水系被设定了洄游产卵目标，该目标通常指需保障足够数量的鲑鱼获得产卵机会以维持种群存续的个体数量。当前主流的洄游产卵目标可分为三类：1. 生物学洄游产卵目标（Biological Escapement Goals, BEGs）：根据阿拉斯加渔业法规5 AAC 39.222(f)的规定，其定义为“可实现最大持续产量潜力的洄游产卵量”。2. 可持续洄游产卵目标（Sustainable Escapement Goals, SEGs）：同一条款将其定义为“通过某一指标或洄游产卵量估算值确定的、可在5至10年周期内维持可持续产量的洄游产卵量水平，适用于无法估算或实施生物学洄游产卵目标管理的场景”。3. 最优洄游产卵目标（Optimal Escapement Goals, OEGs）：指“综合考量生物学与资源分配因素的鲑鱼洄游产卵量特定管理目标，其数值可能与可持续洄游产卵目标或生物学洄游产卵目标存在差异”。