Level of living among immigrants, 1996, household file

The dataset is derived from the "Level of living among immigrants 1996" survey, commisioned by the Ministry of Labour and Social Inclusion and conducted by Statistics Norway. The purpose of the survey is to map out the important aspects of the living conditions of different immigration groups and their descendants in Norway. A similar surveys was conducted in 1983 (the research foundation FAFO also carried out two relevant surveys in Oslo in 18993 and 1995), but only including immigrants that weren't Norwegian residents and first and second generatopm immigrants with Norwegian citizenship. In the 1996 survey, both foreign citizens and first and second generation immigrants of Norwegian citizenship were included. The questions included in the survey covers issues such as residence and living conditions, household/family, children, proffession/working conditions, education, bullying/violence, friends/family, leisure activities and membership in different unions and organisations. In order to make it possible to compare the situation for the immigration population with the Norwegian population, a big part of the questionnaire is derived from the Level of Living survey 1995, the Living conditions survey 1995, the Level of Living for long-term unemployed 1991 and the level of living survey for foreign citizens 1983. The survey comprises persons with background from former Yugoslavia, Turkey, Iran, Pakistan. Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Somalia and Chile. The data from the survey are available on two different files, the interview file (N = 2561) and the household file ( N = 9548). The interview file contains the interview based data for immigrants that weren't interviewed, besides additional register data for the respondents, and in some cases for the persons in the respondents' households. This is the interview file. Additional variables: Some variables are derived from the income register. This register is composed by data from several sources: (1) Population statistics in SSB, (2) The Tax Register for Personal Tax Payers, (3) Norwegian State Educational Loan Fund, (4) Norwegian State Housing Bank living support register, (5) Social Aid Register, (6) GR1 (National Insurance Administration), (7) Children benefits (calculated for 1994), (8) Education register, (9) register on End of the Year Certificates (10) Tax Return Register. In addition, two variables are calculated (12) combined income and Disposable income. The last letter (or the two last) in the variables on individual level indicates which part of the income register that is used. L- The Tax Register for Personal Tax Payers, U- Norwegian State Educational Loan Fund, H - Norwegian State Housing Bank. S - Social Aid Register, R- National Insurance Administration, B- Children benefits, T- register on End of the Year Certificates , SA- Tax return. Also, the file contains variables that stems from (a) birth country file (situation pr 1.1.1996), (b) employee/employer register (1st quarter of 1996), (c) SOFA-applicant register(1st quarter 1996), and (d) education register (highest education in population 1.10.1994).

本数据集源自挪威劳工与社会包容部委托、挪威统计署（Statistics Norway）执行的《1996年移民生活水平》调查。本次调查旨在全面梳理挪威境内不同移民群体及其后裔的生活状况核心维度。1983年曾开展过同类调查，挪威研究基金会FAFO还分别于1993年、1995年在奥斯陆开展过两项相关调查，但彼时仅纳入非挪威户籍移民以及拥有挪威国籍的第一代、第二代移民。1996年的本次调查则同时覆盖外籍公民与拥有挪威国籍的第一代、第二代移民。本次调查涵盖的议题包括居住与生活环境、家庭/住户、子女状况、职业/工作环境、教育情况、欺凌/暴力问题、亲友社交、休闲活动以及各类工会与组织的会员身份。为便于对比移民群体与挪威本土居民的生活状况，问卷的大部分内容参考了1995年《生活水平调查》、1995年《生活状况调查》、1991年《长期失业者生活水平调查》以及1983年《外籍公民生活水平调查》的相关设计。本次调查的研究对象涵盖来自前南斯拉夫、土耳其、伊朗、巴基斯坦、越南、斯里兰卡、索马里及智利的移民群体。本次调查的数据分为两个文件存储：访谈文件（样本量N=2561）与住户文件（样本量N=9548），本文件即为访谈文件。访谈文件包含受访移民的访谈类数据，此外还包含受访者的附加登记数据，部分情况下还涵盖受访者家庭户内成员的相关数据。附加变量说明：部分变量源自收入登记库，该登记库整合了多类数据源：(1) 挪威统计署（SSB）的人口统计数据；(2) 个人纳税人税务登记库；(3) 挪威国家教育贷款基金；(4) 挪威国家住房银行生活补助登记库；(5) 社会救助登记库；(6) 挪威国家保险管理局（GR1）；(7) 儿童福利金（按1994年标准核算）；(8) 教育登记库；(9) 年终证书登记库；(10) 纳税申报登记库。此外还核算得到两项衍生变量：综合收入与可支配收入。个体层面变量名称的最后一个（或最后两个）字符代表其所采用的收入登记数据源：L——个人纳税人税务登记库；U——挪威国家教育贷款基金；H——挪威国家住房银行；S——社会救助登记库；R——挪威国家保险管理局；B——儿童福利金；T——年终证书登记库；SA——纳税申报登记库。本文件还包含以下来源的变量：(a) 出生国登记库（1996年1月1日的户籍状况）；(b) 雇员/雇主登记库（1996年第一季度）；(c) SOFA申请人登记库（1996年第一季度）；(d) 教育登记库（1994年10月1日人口的最高学历情况）。