Fusarium species associated with citrus blackfly (Aleurocanthus woglumi) from an agroecological polyculture in Brazil, including an augmented description of F. volatile

The objectives of this study were to report Fusarium species associated with Aleurocanthus woglumi (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) collected from citrus leaves from an agroecological polyculture in Brazil, assess sexual reproductive mode of the species with unknown sexual stages, and provide an augmented description of F. volatile, for which we discovered a sexual stage. Nineteen Fusarium isolates were recovered from A. woglumi. These fungi belong to three species complexes, i.e., the F. chlamydosporum species complex (FCSC), the F. fujikuroi species complex (FFSC), and the F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC). Based on multilocus phylogenetic analyses, the species were identified as F. annulatum, F. chlamydosporum, F. pernambucanum, F. sulawesiense, F. verticillioides, and F. volatile. Our results suggest that three species whose sexual stages are unknown (F. chlamydosporum, F. sulawesiense, and F. volatile) are also heterothallic. Intraspecific crosses of F. sulawesiense and F. volatile produced protoperithecia, whereas 66.7% of F. volatile crosses produced fertile perithecia. We provide an augmented description of the latter species to include characteristics of its sexual morph and those observed in the asexual morph that had not yet been described for the species. This study highlights the potential of researching insect-associated fungi to increase knowledge about the diversity, taxonomy, and versatility of Fusarium in ecosystems.本研究旨在达成以下目标：报道从巴西农业生态混作园的柑橘叶片上采集的、与橘刺粉虱（Aleurocanthus woglumi，半翅目Hemiptera：粉虱科Aleyrodidae）相关的镰刀菌属（Fusarium）物种；评估尚未发现有性阶段的物种的有性生殖模式；并对我们新发现有性阶段的挥发性镰刀菌（F. volatile）进行补充描述。本研究从橘刺粉虱样本中分离得到19株镰刀菌菌株，这些真菌隶属于3个物种复合群，即厚垣孢镰刀菌物种复合群（Fusarium chlamydosporum species complex, FCSC）、藤仓镰刀菌物种复合群（Fusarium fujikuroi species complex, FFSC）以及渐尖-马氏镰刀菌物种复合群（Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex, FIESC）。通过多位点系统发育分析，这些菌株被鉴定为环纹镰刀菌（F. annulatum）、厚垣孢镰刀菌（F. chlamydosporum）、伯南布哥镰刀菌（F. pernambucanum）、苏拉威西镰刀菌（F. sulawesiense）、轮枝镰孢（F. verticillioides）以及挥发性镰刀菌（F. volatile）。研究结果表明，3个尚未发现有性阶段的物种（厚垣孢镰刀菌、苏拉威西镰刀菌与挥发性镰刀菌）均为异宗配合（heterothallic）。苏拉威西镰刀菌与挥发性镰刀菌的种内杂交可产生原子囊壳（protoperithecia），而66.7%的挥发性镰刀菌杂交组合可产生可育子囊壳（perithecia）。本研究对挥发性镰刀菌进行了补充描述，纳入了其有性形态特征以及该物种此前未被报道的无性形态特征。本研究凸显了开展昆虫相关真菌研究的潜力，有助于增进人们对生态系统中镰刀菌属物种的多样性、分类学特征及其生态多功能性的认知。