Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2022OCTS_19

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 115 previously unknown pulsars among which 20 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least one year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. The follow-up timing in OCTS22 will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals. In addition, the data obtained from this timing project will allow us to obtain many auxiliary scientific results which would help us understand the nature of the interstellar medium, spectral properties as well as pulsar emission mechanism.

本请求旨在为HTRU-S巡天低银纬银道面区块（HTRU-S LowLat）以及帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey, PMPS）的再处理工作中发现的新型脉冲星，申请开展计时观测项目所需的观测时长。目前我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%的巡天任务，并基于图形处理器（Graphics Processing Unit, GPU）搭建的相干加速搜索、模板库与快速折叠算法流程，完成了零加速PMPS搜索工作，现已发现115颗此前未被发现的脉冲星，其中20颗来自PMPS巡天。通常而言，新发现的脉冲星仅在得到观测确认并启动后续计时观测项目后，方可产出具有科学价值的研究成果。对任意新发现脉冲星的完整特性表征，至少需要为期一年的初始计时观测：这是推导脉冲星特征年龄、磁场强度、自转减速率等核心参数，以及探测可能由辐射不稳定性引发的脉冲星异常行为的必要前提。本项目需对多类极具科研价值的脉冲星开展计时观测，其中包括双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure, DM）脉冲星、轮廓展宽脉冲星，以及在UWL波段具备宽带辐射特性的亮源脉冲星。本次OCTS22后续计时观测工作，将助力我们达成多项极具意义的长期科学目标。此外，本计时项目获取的观测数据还将产出多项辅助科研成果，助力我们深入解析星际介质特性、辐射光谱特征以及脉冲星的辐射机制。